Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Central Hypothyroidism Induced by Roxadustat in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

 

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Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Central Hypothyroidism Induced by Roxadustat in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

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Jiaxiang
Ding
Qinhua Yang Yangqihua@pkuih.edu.cn Peking University international Hospital Department of Nephrology Beijing China -
Jiaxiang Ding mattding@163.com Peking University international Hospital Department of Nephrology Beijing China *
Xiaoying Ren renxiaoying@pkuih.edu.cn Peking University international Hospital Department of Nephrology Beijing China -
Yuhui Lin linyuhui@pkuih.edu.cn Peking University international Hospital Department of Nephrology Beijing China -
Mei Wang wangmei@pkuih.edu.cn Peking University international Hospital Department of Nephrology Beijing China -
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To investigate the clinical characteristics and potential influencing factors of central hypothyroidism in peritoneal dialysis patients treated with roxadustat.

A total of maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients followed up at the Peritoneal Dialysis Center of Department of Nephrology, Peking University International Hospital from June 2020 to December 2024 were enrolled in this study. The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), serum thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured in patients after roxadustat treatment; changes in thyroid hormone levels were re-evaluated after roxadustat discontinuation. The clinical characteristics and potential influencing factors of roxadustat-related central hypothyroidism were analyzed.

Total of 76 peritoneal dialysis patients receiving roxadustat for the treatment of renal anemia were included, among whom 51 were males (67.1%) with a mean age of 58.3±14.6 years. Central hypothyroidism occurred in 12 patients (15.8%), which was characterized by levels of FT4, FT3, T4, and T3 below the lower limit of normal. TSH levels decreased compared with the baseline: 75.0% of these patients had TSH levels below the normal range, with a decrease rate ranging from 18.4% to 88.2%. Symptom questionnaire scores showed that 7 patients (58.3%) had hypothyroidism symptoms of varying degrees, with scores ranging from 1 to 4, and mild symptoms were predominant. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that roxadustat-related central hypothyroidism in peritoneal dialysis patients was not associated with gender, age, baseline hemoglobin (HB) level, or therapeutic dose of roxadustat. However, low baseline plasma albumin (ALB) level might be a risk factor: for each 1 g/L decrease in baseline ALB level, the risk of roxadustat-related central hypothyroidism increased by 17.6%. After discontinuation of roxadustat, TSH levels in all patients returned to the normal range.

Changes in Thyroid Hormone Indicators in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Central Hypothyroidism after Administration of Roxadustat

When roxadustat is used to treat renal anemia in peritoneal dialysis patients, it carries a risk of central hypothyroidism, and most clinical symptoms are mild. Peritoneal dialysis patients with hypoalbuminemia are at high risk of developing roxadustat-related central hypothyroidism. Therefore, regular monitoring of thyroid function is recommended, and timely discontinuation of roxadustat after the detection of central hypothyroidism can correct thyroid function abnormalities

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