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E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
Please follow the instructions below to input your abstract title.
Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary Tract (CAKUT)are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children globally. CAKUT is also the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease among children globally. There is limited information on CAKUT among children in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and this is worse regarding forms of CAKUT presentation other than posterior urethral valves. Data on CAKUT in low resource settings is critical for the designing strategies for early diagnosis, management and evaluation of outcomes. We hereby report the prevalence and incidence of CAKUT among in-patients seen at the University College Hospital Ibadan.
Retrospective study of incident and prevalent cases of CAKUT other than posterior urethral valves among children who were seen in the paediatric nephrology clinic, or who were managed as in-patients by the paediatric nephrology unit of University College Hospital Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria from the January - September 2025. Data was extracted from the paediatric nephrology database, ward and clinic registers and patient case records. All patients underwent abdominal ultrasound. CT urography and renal scintigraphy each was carried out in 4 patients (25%), while intravenous urography and micturating cystourethrogram was carried out in 2 and 1 patients respectively.
A total of 16 children with CAKUT other than posterior urethral valves were seen during the period. The age at presentation ranged from birth – 14 years, Median 1.5 months IQR 0.5-110 months. There were 11 males. Abnormal antenatal ultrasound scans were reported in 11 (68.8%). An abdominal mass on palpation was reported in 11 patients.
The lesions were Left PUJO in 7(43.8%), Bilateral PUJO in 2, while 1 patient had isolated right PUJO. One patient had ectopic kidney in association with nephrotic syndrome. Table 1 shows anomalies that were identified.
Management included unilateral nephrectomy in one patient with Lt PUJO and unilateral nephrectomy and open pyeloplasty in another patient with bilateral PUJO. End-stage renal disease was not reported among the series
Table 1: Forms of Congenital anomalies of the Kidneys and urinary Tract (CAKUT) and number of Patients
HN: Hydronephrosis PUJO- Pelviureteric junction Obstruction, VUR: Vesicoureteral Reflux
Unilateral PUJO is the most common cause of CAKUT in this preliminary series. Support for the management of CAKUT in less well-resourced settings is needed in the areas of access to diagnostic investigations. Developments of local and multicentre CAKUT registries, may lead to improvement in awareness, and enhance the development of strategies to further improve the detection, management and outcomes.
