From Cysts to Graft—Simultaneous Unilateral Native Nephrectomy and Renal Transplantation in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Case Report

 

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From Cysts to Graft—Simultaneous Unilateral Native Nephrectomy and Renal Transplantation in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Case Report

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Nosheen
Anjum
Nosheen Anjum dr.nosheenwaqas@gmail.com KRL Hospital Nephrology Islamabad Pakistan *
Zahid Nabi Dr_zahidnabi@hotmail.com KRL Hospital Nephrology Islamabad Pakistan -
Aamir Ghazanfar aamirghazanfar@gmail.com KRL Hospital Surgery Islamabad Pakistan -
Zahid ul Zahideen zahideen7007@gmail.com Ali Medical Centre Nephrology Islamabad Pakistan -
Wasif Jamil wasif.jamil79@gmail.com Ali Medical Centre Nephrology Islamabad Pakistan -
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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) often leads to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) with massive kidney enlargement, pain, early satiety, and recurrent infections. Timing of nephrectomy relative to transplantation remains debated. Simultaneous native nephrectomy and kidney transplantation approach (SNN-KT) may reduce cumulative surgical risk, hospitalizations, cost while expediting the  symptom relief  and improving patient quality of life (QoL). We report a successful SNN-KT in a symptomatic ADPKD recipient.

A 47-years-old man with ADPKD and ESKD on hemodialysis presented with debilitating abdominal distension, early satiety, dyspnea on exertion, and recurrent cyst infections. Preoperative CT showed markedly enlarged kidneys (R 25cm, L 26 cm) compressing abdominal viscera. After multidisciplinary review and detailed pre transplant workup, he underwent  a successful SNN-KT with a living-related donor.

Surgical technique: Through right lumber incision right native kidney nephrectomy was performed. It  was immediately followed by right inguinal incision with graft implantation using end to side anastomosis for both renal artery to external iliac artery and renal vein to external iliac vein respectively and extravesical ureteroneocystostomy. Operative time 260 minutes; estimated blood loss 600 mL; no transfusion. Cold and warm ischemia times were 35 and 28 minutes, respectively. Induction: ATG, maintenance: tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone.

Immediate graft perfusion was observed with brisk diuresis. Early graft function. Creatinine declined from 7.7mg/dl pre-op  to 0.8 mg/dL by discharge (post-op day 7). Complications included transient postoperative ileus, managed conservatively. At regular monthly follow up till recent 5 months, the patient remained infection-free with stable graft function (eGFR 132 mL/min/1.73 m²), neither donor-specific antibodies, infection and nor biopsy-proven rejection. 

In symptomatic ADPKD, simultaneous native unilateral nephrectomy with renal transplantation is a safe ,efficient and patient-centered single-stage approach for selected ADPKD patients. It effectively resolves space and infection challenges while ensuring excellent graft function and improved postoperative quality of life.can achieve excellent graft function and rapid symptom resolution with acceptable morbidity.

Kewords