PEMP: A Highly Automated Super-Resolution Platform for Quantitative Analysis of Podocyte Foot Proceöss Morphology Across Research and Clinical Applications

 

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PEMP: A Highly Automated Super-Resolution Platform for Quantitative Analysis of Podocyte Foot Proceöss Morphology Across Research and Clinical Applications

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Nicole
Endlich
Björn Tampe bjoern.tampe@med.uni-goettingen.de Klinik für Nephrologie und Rheumatologie Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (UMG) Göttingen Germany -
Samy Hakroush samy.hakroush@gesundheitnord.de Institut für Pathologie Klinikum Bremen Mitte Bremen Germany -
Tim Endlich tendlich@nipoka.com NIPOKA Center for High End Microscopy Greifswald Germany -
Nicole Endlich nicole.endlich@uni-greifswald.de Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology University Medicine Greifswald (UMG) Greifswald Germany *
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Podocyte foot process (FP) morphology is a pivotal determinant of glomerular filtration barrier integrity. Owing to their nanoscale dimensions, FPs have traditionally been analyzed by electron microscopy (EM), a labor-intensive and low-throughput technique that limits large-scale or comparative studies. To overcome these constraints, we developed the Podocyte Exact Morphology Measurement Procedure (PEMP)—a super-resolution microscopy (structured illumination microscopy, SIM)-based method enabling precise, reproducible, and largely automated quantification of FP morphology, particularly filtration slit density (FSD), in standard paraffin-embedded kidney tissue.

PEMP combines multichannel immunofluorescence labeling (e.g., nephrin/podocin, synaptopodin/integrin α3) with SIM imaging to capture nanoscale structural detail. A proprietary software and AI-assisted analysis pipeline developed at NIPOKA performs fully automated FSD quantification, minimizing observer bias and ensuring consistent cross-sample comparisons. Except for immunofluorescence staining and slide loading, the workflow is fully automated, making PEMP readily applicable to both research and diagnostic laboratories

We validated PEMP across diverse settings. In nephrotoxic serum (NTS) injury models, PEMP detected a significant reduction in FSD within 24 hours post-injury—preceding detectable proteinuria. In a translational feasibility study of over 135 human kidney biopsies encompassing various glomerular diseases, FSD values correlated with clinical and functional parameters, offering enhanced morphometric insights compared to EM. Furthermore, in a murine aging cohort, PEMP revealed a progressive, age-dependent decline in FSD and increased glomerular diameter, highlighting its sensitivity to both pathological and physiological remodeling.

Together, these findings establish PEMP as a robust, scalable, and reproducible platform for quantitative analysis of podocyte architecture in preclinical and clinical contexts. Its compatibility with routine histology, high throughput, and minimal user input position PEMP as a next-generation tool for glomerular pathology, with significant potential for early disease detection, longitudinal monitoring, and aging research in translational nephrology.

 

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