ROSUVASTATIN-INDUCED RHABDOMYOLYSIS IN A 63-YEAR-OLD MALE: A CASE REPORT

 

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ROSUVASTATIN-INDUCED RHABDOMYOLYSIS IN A 63-YEAR-OLD MALE: A CASE REPORT

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Kristine May
Valmoria
Kristine May Valmoria kmf.valmoria@gmail.com> Maria Reyna Xavier University Hospital Internal Medicine Cagayan de Oro Philippines *
Almira Doreen Abigail Apor nanaarengo37@gmail.com Maria Reyna Xavier University Hospital Internal Medicine Cagayan de Oro Philippines -
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Rosuvastatin is a lipid lowering agent that acts through inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Based on several studies, it is considered as more effective and less costly statin. It is also reported to have a lower incidence rate of side effects compared to other statins. Among the side effects noted is rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular muscle constituents into the circulation. It presents as a triad of pain, weakness, and dark urine. Other associated manifestations include fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, many of which precede or occur in the absence of kidney failure, and hepatic injury. Muscle-related side effects are generally less severe, occurring in only 1–5% of cases, while rhabdomyolysis is rare, affecting approximately 0.1% of patients. 

This a case of 63-year-old Filipino male admitted due to generalized body weakness noted 1 month after initiation of high dose rosuvastatin. The patient initially noted bilateral lower extremity weakness. The weakness progressed, predominantly affecting the proximal muscles more than the distal ones, with no associated sensory or cranial nerve deficits. The patient had a known history of hypertension, a 10-pack-year smoking history, and had received a high-dose vitamin C infusion within the month prior to admission. On examination, the patient was found to be anuric, producing only scant brown or tea-colored urine. Work up was done and he was noted to have marked elevation of serum CK at >22,000. His creatinine on admission was 9.5mg/dL and BUN was 126 mmol/L with a BUN/Creatinine ratio of 13. Liver enzymes were also elevated with AST of 2471 U/L and ALT of 739 U/L. His total bilirubin was also elevated at 1.55, direct bilirubin of 1.33 and indirect bilirubin of 0.225. His rosuvastatin was put on hold and patient underwent a series of hemodialysis sessions.

The patient was subsequently discharged with improved sensorium and muscle strength graded at 2/5 in all extremities, compared to a baseline of 5/5 upon admission. Creatinine levels were trending downward, with the most recent value at 2.3 mg/dL. Urine output was improving, though the patient remained oliguric. Trial to wean off hemodialysis was done but was continued upon discharge with plans to continue weaning from dialysis as outpatient. 

This is a rare case of rhabdomyolysis induced by rosuvastatin intake, presenting with classical features. It highlights the importance of regular monitoring for symptoms and laboratory signs of muscle injury in patients taking statins, to allow early detection and prompt management of rhabdomyolysis, thereby preventing serious outcomes. 

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