Involvement of blood pressure and tubulo-interstitial impairment in the renal disorders associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).

 

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Involvement of blood pressure and tubulo-interstitial impairment in the renal disorders associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).

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Mariko
Sato
Mariko Sato mariko_s@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan *
Kaori Takayanagi takayan@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan -
Atsuko Yasui a_yasui@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan -
Takanori Iwai tiwai@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan -
Momoko Sekiguchi mskgci@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan -
Shigetaka Matsunaga shige_m@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Obstetrics and Gynecology saitama Japan -
Yasushi Takai yastakai@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Obstetrics and Gynecology saitama Japan -
Tomonari Ogawa togawa@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan -
Akito Maeshima amaesima@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan -
Hajime Hasegawa genchan@saitama-med.ac.jp Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Nephrology and Hypertension saitama Japan -
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Renal involvement is frequently complicated in the Hypertensive Disorder in Pregnancy (HDP). Since enlargement of glomerular endothelial cells (endotheliosis) was considered specific to HDP. However, accumulating findings from renal biopsies in pregnant women have diminished this perception of specificity. In the meantime, the vasospasm in the HDP is believed to be observed not only in the placenta but also systemically, and the involvement of the vasoconstriction-related tubulo-interstitial disorder (TID) is also speculated in the kidney, but the report is limited. In this study, we aim to investigate time-differential changes in multiple parameters with TID to examine its participation in HDP.

The study included 72 cases diagnosed with HDP in the obstetrics department between August 2020 and December 2023 and referred to our department. The study design was a prospective cohort longitudinal analysis. Specimens and blood pressure data were collected at three time points: gestational weeks 30–32 (P1), around gestational week 38 or immediately before delivery in cases of preterm birth (P2), and one month postpartum (P3). Blood pressure values were defined as the average home-measured post-waking blood pressure over the three days preceding specimen collection. After obtaining written informed consent for study participation, residual specimens from routine clinical care were used. Analyses included correlation analysis and stratified analysis; the latter compared the population into high- and low-sFlt-1 groups based on sFlt-1 levels.

The mean age was 35.1 ± 4.5 years, and 42 cases were using antihypertensive medication. Blood pressure was elevated in both systolic and diastolic components in P2, with a median of 125.4/82.2 mmHg. P1-phase sFlt-1 correlated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the P1 phase (sBP p=0.022, dBP p=0.003). In P2, urinary protein, urinary albumin, urinary nephrin/creatinine, urinary NAG/creatinine, urinary L-FABP/creatinine, urinary α1MG/creatinine, and urinary KIM-1/creatinine correlated with P1 sFlt-1. No correlation was observed with NGAL or MCP-1. Stratified analysis revealed differences in the high-value group for NAG, α1MG, and KIM-1 in P2 and Δ(P2-P3). No differences were observed for urinary Alb, Nephrin, or MCP-1.

In the renal tubulointerstitium, damage correlated with the severity of HDP is induced. This suggests that HDP is a primary cause of renal impairment and may play a crucial role in the development of hypertension.

Kewords