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During the congress, E-Posters will be accessible to all participants on the congress website 24/7, as well as in the E-poster stations in the congress center.
Preparing your E-Poster
Please review the E-Poster format requirements carefully when preparing your E-Poster. Should your E-Poster not meet the mentioned requirements, it may not be displayed as described above.
E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
Please follow the instructions below to input your abstract title.
Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of premature death and a major modifiable risk drivers for cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, early detection of hypertension in young adult, namely individuals aged 18-40 years, is very important. Controlling hypertension is essential to prevent acute cardiovascular events and lifelong complications. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in Indonesian young adults.
This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in conformity with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines on five databases for eligible studies up to April 21st, 2025. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Effect sizes were presented as odds ratio (ORs) and proportions. The heterogeneity between studies was determined using the Cochran’s Q statistic and the its level was quantified using the Higgins’ I2 statistic. The study protocol has been registered to the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; ID CRD420251035578).
Forty-nine studies involving 248,442 participants were included. The pooled national prevalence of hypertension in Indonesian young adults was 26% (95% CI: 22%–30%). Based on regions, sex, and population characteristic, the highest pooled prevalence of hypertension was found in Sulawesi (47% [95% CI = 23%–72%]); prevalence in males (23% [10%–39%]; (p = 0.843) was slightly higher than that in females (21% [11%–34%]); in community residents (31% [26%–36%]; p < 0.001). Meta-regression analysis showed that there was an increasing prevalence of hypertension in young adults throughout the years (2003–2024) with a significant trend (Z = 2.14; p = 0.032). Significant unmodifiable risk factors were age >25 years (OR: 2.86 [1.26–6.51]), age >30 years (2.33 [2.03–2.69]), age >35 years (2.30 [1.06–4.99]), high economic status (2.15 [1.20–3.86]), and having a family history of hypertension (2.12 [1.41–3.17]), while significant modifiable risk factors were obesity (2.86 [2.48–3.29]), smoking history (2.46 [1.42–4.28]), heavy smoking (2.46 [1.37–4.43]), exposure to cigarette smokes (48.51 [21.67–108.61]), alcohol intake (1.99 [1.30–3.05]), coffee consumption history (2.52 [1.49–4.26]), frequent coffee consumption (5.45 [2.43–12.21]), excessive salt intake (4.01 [1.34–11.98]), poor sleep quality (4.49 [2.80–7.21]), and stress (3.95 [1.99–7.82]).
The high prevalence of hypertension in Indonesian young adults highlights the need for early screening and modifying relevant risk factors. Given the current limitations, future multicenter trials that specifically consider potential effect influencing factors, longer follow-up evaluation, and methodological quality are warranted.
