NOTCH2 ACTIVATION IN MACROPHAGES DRIVES ROMO1-DEPENDENT MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE STRESS AND M1 POLARIZATION IN DIABETIC RENAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/ad428f089b35e272b972939f277edc6d.pdf
NOTCH2 ACTIVATION IN MACROPHAGES DRIVES ROMO1-DEPENDENT MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE STRESS AND M1 POLARIZATION IN DIABETIC RENAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY

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Biao
WEI
Biao WEI biaowei@hku.hk The University of Hong Kong School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Hong Kong, China * The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Department of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen China
Shen CHEN oliver0115@connect.hku.hk The University of Hong Kong School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Hong Kong, China -
Haiyong CHEN haiyong@hku.hk The University of Hong Kong School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Hong Kong, China - The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Department of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen China
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Diabetes mellitus is a well-established independent risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI). Diabetic nephropathy (DN), clinically termed diabetic kidney disease (DKD), represents a common complication that significantly elevates the risk of AKI.  Additionally, The NOTCH signaling pathway, with particular emphasis on Notch2, has been mechanistically linked to both AKI progression and chronic kidney disease (CKD) development. However, the exact molecular pathways require further elucidation.

Twelve-week-old male BKS db/m (control) and db/db (diabetic) mice underwent bilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) under anesthesia with 30 min ischemia followed by reperfusion. At 24 hours post-IRI, renal tissues and serum were collected for renal function assessment; histopathology, molecular and serum biomarkers analysis.

In diabetic murine models subjected to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), there was a marked exacerbation of renal dysfunction and histopathological damage compared to non-diabetic controls, concomitant with a specific upregulation of Notch2 expression within infiltrating renal macrophages. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that ischemic stress, modeled by hypoxia/reoxygenation, induced Notch2 expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Integrative multi-omics analyses of human acute kidney injury datasets and murine single-cell RNA sequencing data identified mitochondrial protein Romo1 as a key downstream effector of Notch2 signaling. Western blot and real-time PCR confirmed that Notch2 signaling upregulates Romo1 expression. Functional investigations revealed that the Notch2- Romo1 axis promotes mitochondrial oxidative stress and sustains M1 macrophage polarization, as evidenced by increased superoxide production and elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), alongside downregulation of M2-associated markers. Importantly, macrophage-specific Notch2 knockdown or inhibition of Romo1 markedly attenuated mitochondrial oxidative damage, reduced inflammatory responses, and ameliorated renal function in diabetic AKI models.

Our findings demonstrate that Notch2 activation in renal macrophages exacerbates diabetic AKI by upregulating Romo1, which drives: Mitochondrial oxidative stress and Sustained M1 macrophage polarization. This Notch2-ROS-M1 axis represents a potential therapeutic target for interrupting the CKD to AKI transition in diabetes.

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