ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS USING POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AS BOWEL CLEANSING AGENT FOR COLONOSCOPY

 

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ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS USING POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AS BOWEL CLEANSING AGENT FOR COLONOSCOPY

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GAURAV
CHHETRI
GAURAV CHHETRI gauravcht493@gmail.com koshi Hospital, National Academy of Medical Sciences Nephrology Biratnagar Nepal *
Anil Baral dranilbaral@gmail.com Bir Hospital, National Academy of Medical Sciences Nephrology Kathmandu Nepal -
Rajani Hada rajani.hada@hotmail.com Bir Hospital, National Academy of Medical Sciences Nephrology Kathmandu Nepal -
Arun Sedhain arunsedhain@gmail.com Bir Hospital, National Academy of Medical Sciences Nephrology Kathmandu Nepal -
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Colonoscopy is a procedure performed for diagnosis and follow up of patients with colon cancer, IBD and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Bowel preparation with an appropriate bowel cleansing agent is essential for the diagnostic accuracy and safety of colonoscopy. The incidence of AKI after colonoscopy using different bowel cleansing agents ranged from 0.3 % to 41.2%.

More recently, PEG based preparation are being used. However they are associated with some risk for AKI. AKI after bowel preparation with PEG was found in 2.8% patients in a prospective study and risk was high in patients receiving NSAIDs.  A case-crossover study had shown increased risk of AKI in elderly (>50 years) male patients.

There are published reports on colonoscopy and biopsy findings from different parts of Nepal with PEG being used for bowel preparation. This research on AKI in patients undergoing colonoscopy with PEG as bowel cleansing agent is an eye opening for need of kidney function evaluation in these patients particularly in high risk group. So this study aimed to evaluate the kidney function before and after colonoscopy particularly in high risk group.

This is a hospital based observational study conducted in Department of Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Bir hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from May 2021 to October 2021. 48 patients who underwent colonoscopy using PEG were included in the study and assessed for AKI; its incidence, association of risk factors with AKI, and outcome (complete recovery or no recovery) of AKI by 3 months. P-value <0 .05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Mean age of the patients was 45.81 ± 18.60 years with majority of the patients being male (60%). Out of 48 study participants, 4(8%) develop AKI, out of which 3 were female and 1 was male patients. Multivariate regression analysis depicted that CKD, CLD and CCF were the predictors which significantly influenced the occurrence of AKI in patients using PEG. Also, the patients under NSAIDs, ARBs and diuretics drugs significantly associated with AKI in patients using PEG. 


The evidence strongly suggests that in patients without preexisting renal disease or other comorbidities (CCF, CLD) or without use of drugs (NSAIDs, ARBs, diuretics); risk of renal impairment is low after colonoscopy using PEG as bowel cleansing agent. In the presence of risk factors of renal dysfunction, PEG should be used cautiously. 

Kewords