THE BURDEN OF C3G IN SPAIN: CHARACTERIZING THE PATIENT JOURNEY FROM SYMPTOMS ONSET TO DAILY LIFE

 

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THE BURDEN OF C3G IN SPAIN: CHARACTERIZING THE PATIENT JOURNEY FROM SYMPTOMS ONSET TO DAILY LIFE

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Marian
Vidal-Jorge
Fernando Caravaca-Fontán fcaravacaf@gmail.com Hospital 12 de octubre Nephrology Department Madrid Spain -
Alvaro Madrid-Aris alvaro.madrid@sjd.es Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Nephrology Department Barcelona Spain -
Marta Moreno-Barón martamoreno@alceralmeria.org Federación Nacional de Asociaciones ALCER Nephrology Department Madrid Spain -
Julieta Nafissi julieta.nafissi@novartis.com Novartis Farmacéutica, S.A. - Barcelona Spain -
Marian Vidal-Jorge marian.vidal_jorge@novartis.com Novartis Farmacéutica, S.A. - Barcelona Spain *
Manuel Praga mpragat@senefro.org Complutense University of Madrid Nephrology Department Madrid Spain -
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Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) encompasses a group of diseases that significantly impact patients (pts) on physical, emotional, and economic levels due to its symptoms and prognosis. C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is among the most severe CGN, with 40–60% of pts progressing to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) within 10 years, requiring dialysis and/or transplantation. Importantly, the risk of post-transplant recurrence in C3G is notably high, challenging long-term graft survival and pts management.

The present study aims to describe the burden of CGN, the pts journey, and treatment preferences from the pts’ perspective. Here, we will focus on describing the characteristics of pts with C3G, their journey throughout the course of the disease, including pts-reported perspectives.

Cross-sectional, targeted survey, conducted in Spain, in collaboration with the National Federation of Patient Associations for the Fight Against Kidney Diseases (ALCER, as per the Spanish spelling). Data were collected via online surveys from pts with a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis (dx) of CGN. Pts were invited to participate by 81 nephrologists and 15 pediatric nephrologists of 52 hospitals across Spain. The surveys, covered 5 domains: sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, impact of the disease (emotions and daily activities), journey, treatment, and economic impact. In this communication, we present the specific subanalysis of C3G pts. 

A total of 31 C3G pts completed the survey. The median (min;max) age at the time of dx was 33 (1;77) years and the median (IQR) time from symptom onset to dx was 11 (2;24) months. Pts waited a median of 3 (1;11) months from dx to treatment initiation. 27 pts (87%) received pharmacological treatment, and 15 pts reported symptom improvement, although some symptoms persisted. Six pts underwent dialysis, with a median time from dx to initiation of 13 (6;24) months, and, in the last year, that pts spent a median of 3 (2;12) months on dialysis, with sessions lasting 9 (8;9) hours (n=5). Four pts received a kidney transplant; the median time from dx to being placed on the waiting list was 25 (11;141) months, and from dx to transplantation was 49 (11;172) months.

Nephrologists were the main specialists involved in follow-up (93.6%). Subsequently, pts visited other professionals, such as nutritionists (22.6%), psychologists (22.6%), and psychiatrists (16.1%). More than 30% of the C3G pts were hospitalized in the previous year, with a mean of 12.7 (21.6) days hospitalized.

Pts reported changes in their emotions at different stages of their journey:At symptom onset, 71.0% felt worried. At dx, concern (77.4%) and fear (58.1%) were common. During dialysis, 66.7% felt sadness and resignation. When entering the transplant list, 3 pts (75.0%) felt hope, fear, and uncertainty. After transplantation, hope and optimism were reported as frequently as fear (50.0%).

Pts with C3G face a prolonged and emotionally complex journey, marked by dx delays and slow treatment initiation. Despite regular nephrology follow up, pts experiences emotional distress throughout the disease course. These findings highlight the significant pts-reported burden of C3G and underscore the need for earlier dx, timely treatment, and integrated psychological support to improve pts experience and outcomes.

Kewords