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During the congress, E-Posters will be accessible to all participants on the congress website 24/7, as well as in the E-poster stations in the congress center.
Preparing your E-Poster
Please review the E-Poster format requirements carefully when preparing your E-Poster. Should your E-Poster not meet the mentioned requirements, it may not be displayed as described above.
E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
Please follow the instructions below to input your abstract title.
Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Introduction: Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening condition due to its effect on the heart and is defined as a serum potassium level greater than 5.5 mmol/L. It can be mild (5.5–5.9 mmol/L), moderate (6.0–6.4 mmol/L), or severe (>6.5 mmol/L). It is observed in 1.1% to 10% of hospitalized patients and is associated with a high mortality rate (14.3% to 41%). Management of acute hyperkalemia includes intravenous calcium gluconate, insulin/glucose, inhaled beta-agonists, intravenous sodium bicarbonate, and hemodialysis. The goal is to prevent or minimize electrophysiological effects on the heart and reduce the immediate risk of arrhythmias.
Objective: To describe the management provided to patients hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital who developed acute moderate to severe hyperkalemia and the response to treatment obtained.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study included 150 patients who developed acute hyperkalemia during their hospitalization. Demographic data were collected, including age, sex, etiology of chronic kidney disease, degree of chronic kidney disease, degree of acute kidney injury, and some comorbidities. Quantitative variables were described as means and SDs, and qualitative variables as frequencies and percentages.
Results: The median age was 55 (19-87 years), 23.3% developed acute kidney injury, 22% KDIGO3, as for KDIGO 1 and 2 the percentage identified was minimal. 56% had chronic kidney disease. Comorbidities found in patients and that probably contributed to the development of hyperkalemia were: 28% diabetes mellitus, 18% heart failure, 62% metabolic acidosis, 30% had a renin angiotensin system inhibitor, 6% some nonsteroidal analgesic and 1% constipation, calcineurin inhibitors and heparin. 20.6% developed moderate hyperkalemia and 79.3% severe. The average potassium at the beginning of treatment was 7.2 ± 0.8 and after anticalemic measures decreased to 5.4 ± 0.9 mg / dl. 44% were managed with polarizing solutions, 36% with calcium gluconate, 29% with loop diuretics, and 6% with sodium bicarbonate. 15.3% with a combination of polarizing solution/calcium gluconate/diuretic, 14.6% with polarizing solution/calcium gluconate, 4% with polarizing solution/diuretic, 2.6% with polarizing solution/calcium gluconate/diuretic/sodium bicarbonate, 1.3% with polarizing solution/calcium gluconate/sodium bicarbonate. Despite these measures, 65.3% required some form of renal replacement therapy for refractory hyperkalemia (12% with acute kidney injury and 53.3% with chronic kidney disease). Three percent of patients died with hyperkalemia.
Conclusion: Various types of treatments for acute hyperkalemia have been available for years and continue to demonstrate efficacy. The use of new potassium binders could improve outcomes in these patients.
