Hyperuricemia and Kidney Prognosis in ADPKD: Insights from Attribute-Based Cross-Classification Analysis by Sex and Age

 

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Hyperuricemia and Kidney Prognosis in ADPKD: Insights from Attribute-Based Cross-Classification Analysis by Sex and Age

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Hiroshi
Kataoka
Hiroshi Kataoka kataoka@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan *
Yuki Kobayashi 11230038ky@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Yusuke Ushio yusuke.ushio0212@gmail.com Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Momoko Seki seki.momoko@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Rina Takahashi takahashi.rina_2@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Shiho Makabe makabe.shiho@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Shun Manabe shunmn5711@gmail.com Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Toshio Mochizuki mtoshi@pkd-jinzounaika.com Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Ken Tsuchiya tsuchiya@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Kosaku Nitta nitta.kosaku@gmail.com Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Junichi Hoshino jhoshinoind@gmail.com Tokyo Women’s Medical University Department of Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
 
 
 
 

Hyperuricemia may contribute to disease progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), but its prognostic impact remains unclear, especially across sex and age groups. Given the need for individualized care, we investigated the association between hyperuricemia and kidney prognosis using an attribute-based cross-classification approach by sex and age.

We analyzed 553 ADPKD patients not undergoing renal replacement therapy (median age, 43 years; mean eGFR, 55.9 mL/min/1.73 m²; median total kidney volume, 1335.4 mL). Hyperuricemia was defined as serum urate ≥7.0 mg/dL or treatment with urate-lowering drugs. Patients were cross-classified by sex (men/women) and age (<50/≥50 years). The renal outcome—defined as ≥30% decline in eGFR or initiation of renal replacement therapy—was assessed using Cox regression models. Interaction terms between hyperuricemia and age ≥50 years were tested. The mean follow-up was 6.9 years, during which 266 patients experienced renal events.

Hyperuricemia was not associated with poorer renal prognosis in the overall cohort (HR=1.34, P=0.120). However, a significant interaction was observed between hyperuricemia and age ≥50 years in men (interaction P=0.004), but not in women (interaction P=0.450). Cross-classification analysis revealed that hyperuricemia was strongly associated with worse renal outcomes in younger patients, particularly women under 50 years of age (HR=3.51, P=0.034) and men under 50 (HR=2.06, P=0.026), while no significant associations were found in either sex aged ≥50 years. These findings indicate that the adverse renal impact of hyperuricemia is age-dependent and most pronounced among younger women.

Hyperuricemia is a modifiable risk factor for renal progression in ADPKD, especially in younger individuals, with the greatest impact observed in younger female patients. Attribute-based cross-classification by sex and age provides novel insights into individualized risk stratification and highlights subgroups at higher risk of kidney function decline. Presented from the perspective of Preserving Kidney Health, this work extends prior findings and was previously presented at the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week 2025 as an encore abstract.

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