Challenges to Accessing Healthcare for Indigenous Dialysis Patients: A Community-Based Qualitative Study

 

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Challenges to Accessing Healthcare for Indigenous Dialysis Patients: A Community-Based Qualitative Study

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Victoria
Doan
Victoria Doan cmn346@mail.usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Biomedical Engineering Saskatoon Canada *
Victor Starr victor.star@starblanketcreenation.com Start Blanket Cree Nation Community Research Advisory Commitee Start Blanket Cree Nation Canada -
Elder Ethel Starblanket ethel_dubois2020@icloud.com Start Blanket Cree Nation Elder Start Blanket Cree Nation Canada -
Reah Starr reahstarr@gmail.com Start Blanket Cree Nation Community Research Advisory Commitee Start Blanket Cree Nation Canada -
Denita Starr starrdenitaj@gmail.com Start Blanket Cree Nation Community Research Advisory Commitee Start Blanket Cree Nation Canada -
Cari McIlduff cari.mcilduff@usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Medicine Saskatoon Canada -
Ahmed Shoker ahmed.shoker@usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Nephrology Saskatoon Canada -
Amira Abdelrasoul amira.abdelrasoul@usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Biomedical Engineering Saskatoon Canada -
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Hemodialysis is a life-sustaining treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Indigenous peoples in Canada have a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) than the general population yet face significant disparities in health outcomes and access to care. Geographic isolation, socioeconomic factors, and limited educational resources contribute to these disparities. This study aimed to explore the barriers Indigenous patients experience in accessing dialysis treatment to inform culturally responsive interventions.

Participants were recruited from the Star Blanket Cree Nation, Saskatchewan, Canada. Qualitative data were collected through research sharing circle discussions, which were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic content analysis. Ethical approval was obtained and informed consent was secured from all participants.

Thematic analysis revealed multiple challenges to accessing dialysis care among Indigenous participants. Community members described significant barriers such as limited transportation options, long travel distances, and hazardous road conditions, particularly during the winter. Many participants expressed fear and emotional distress associated with dialysis, often shaped by traumatic personal or observed experiences with the treatment. Notable gaps in knowledge about kidney disease and dialysis contributed to delayed care and difficulty maintaining treatment adherence. Psychological challenges including feelings of hopelessness, vulnerability, or being a burden also emerged as common factors leading to missed dialysis sessions. Furthermore, systemic issues such as racial discrimination, miscommunication, and a lack of culturally safe care were identified as contributing to mistrust in healthcare providers. Despite these difficulties, participants emphasized the importance of reclaiming traditional knowledge, increasing culturally relevant educational outreach, and engaging younger generations to foster long-term kidney health and community resilience.

This study highlights the complex, interwoven factors that limit Indigenous patients' access to and use of dialysis and kidney care. Interventions must address transportation and healthcare access, while also investing in emotional support, culturally safe care, and community-driven education. Incorporating traditional knowledges and youth engagement strategies can foster long-term kidney health and support community resilience. These findings call for urgent, systemic efforts to close the kidney care gap for Indigenous communities in Canada.

Kewords