DELIVERING KIDNEY CARE USING ISN AKI TOOLKIT AT PRIMARY CARE - DESIGN AND METHODS OF A STEPPED WEDGE STUDY

 

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DELIVERING KIDNEY CARE USING ISN AKI TOOLKIT AT PRIMARY CARE - DESIGN AND METHODS OF A STEPPED WEDGE STUDY

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Vivek
Kumar
Vivek Kumar enigma165@yahoo.co.in Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Nephrology Chandigarh India *
Sunil Raina ojasrainasunil@yahoo.co.in Dr R P Medical College Preventive and Social Medicine Tanda India -
Arun Prabhahar arunprabhaharcmc@gmail.com Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Nephrology Nephrology India -
Komal Sharma komusharma383@gmail.com Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Nephrology Nephrology India -
Ashok Kumar Yadav mails2ashok@gmail.com Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology Chandigarh India -
Vivekanand Jha vjha60@gmail.com The George Institute Nephrology New Delhi India -
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in low resource settings in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Majority is community acquired AKI i.e. acquired in the community outside hospital settings. It is an important cause of mortality and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in these settings. Most patients at high risk of AKI can be identified and its progression can be mitigated through appropriate interventions at first levels of contact with healthcare systems. However, this has not received much attention despite huge burden of community acquired AKI. International Society of Nephrology (ISN) has developed an AKI Toolkit for implementation. This was developed by a diverse group of international experts who framed it based on lessons learnt from the ISN 0by25 AKI project. We propose to deliver and implement this ISN AKI toolkit at the Primary Health Care centres in 3 administrative healthcare blocks in District Kangra of state of Himachal Pradesh in India.

The primary objective is to integrate acute kidney care into service delivery component of community health officers at primary health care centres. The secondary objectives are to ascertain proportion of patients who are advised assessment of kidney function and receive care as per ISN AKI toolkit and to ascertain causes of AKI in patients enrolled in the study. The study is a stepped wedge, interventional study (figure 1). Patients attending the primary health care centres are being screened and enrolled if age ≥18 years and there is moderate to high risk of AKI as per the ISN 0by25 clinical assessment tool in the ISN AKI toolkit (risk score ≥3). There are no exclusion criteria. All enrolled participants would be followed up till the end of 4 months after enrolment. We hope to enrol at least 30 participants in one healthcare block every month. Over 18-month stepped wedge design enrolment period in 3 blocks, we hope to enrol at least 1080 participants. This sample size (>1067) is considered adequate for studies exploring proportions/observational data in a large population (>5000) with 3% margin of error

The study will lead to development and integration of an AKI care module into the service delivery components at the primary health care centres under the National Health Mission in India. It will increase awareness, lead to early recognition and better management of AKI at the patient’s first contact with healthcare systems. 

This is the first implementation study exploring integration of ISN AKI toolkit with routine health care services at primary care levels. If successful, this will favorably impact kidney diseases at community level and inform policy and advocacy.

Acknowledgement

The study is funded by Indian Council of Medical Research, Government of India (Grant Reference No: IIRPSG-2024-01-06060). The authors acknowledge the support of ISN Emerging Leaders Program and AKI toolkit workgroup in developing this project.

Kewords