Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy (Cisplatin and Carboplatin) at Dalal Jamm National Hospital Center: A Prospective Single-Center Study

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Abstract Title *

Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy (Cisplatin and Carboplatin) at Dalal Jamm National Hospital Center: A Prospective Single-Center Study

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Co-author 1

MANSOUR MBENGUE mansourmbengue92@gmail.com Cheikh Anta Diop University Nephrology Dakar Senegal *

Co-author 2

Serigne Fall fallserigne498@gmail.com Cheikh Anta Diop University Nephrology Dakar Senegal -

Co-author 3

Aissata Ndiaye fallserigne498@gmail.com Cheikh Anta Diop University Nephrology Dakar Senegal -

Co-author 4

Niakhaleen Keita jo.mb@hotmail.fr Cheikh Anta Diop University Nephrology Dakar Senegal -

Co-author 5

Pape Macoumba Gaye mansourpathembengue92@gmail.com Cheikh Anta Diop University Oncology Dakar Senegal -

Co-author 6

Seynabou Fall jo.mb@hotmail.fr Cheikh Anta Diop University Hematology Dakar Senegal -

Co-author 7

Abdou Niang mansour.mbengue@ucad.edu.sn Cheikh Anta Diop University Nephrology Dakar Senegal -

Co-author 8

Co-author 9

Co-author 10

Co-author 11

Co-author 12

Co-author 13

Co-author 14

Co-author 15

Introduction

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cisplatin- and carboplatin-based chemotherapy and to identify clinical factors associated with its occurrence.

Methods

We conducted a six-month prospective, descriptive, and analytical study (August 2023–February 2024) in the onco-hematology day unit of Dalal Jamm Hospital. All cancer patients who received cisplatin and/or carboplatin during this period were included, irrespective of the development of AKI. AKI was defined according to the KDIGO criteria.

Results

A total of 187 patients were enrolled. The overall prevalence of AKI was 16.5%. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.38, and the mean age was 50.6 years (range: 21–80). Cervical cancer was the most frequent malignancy (26.8%). The 21-day carboplatin regimen was the most commonly administered protocol. Hypertension and diabetes were present in 19.8% and 5.9% of patients, respectively. Mean serum creatinine was 10 mg/L in the overall cohort and 18.17 mg/L among those who developed AKI. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 100.3 mL/min in the overall population and 56.5 mL/min in AKI cases. Renal function recovered in 45% of affected patients, while 22.5% progressed to chronic kidney disease. Multivariate analysis identified older age (p = 0.001), hypertension (p = 0.0001), and anemia (p = 0.0001) as independent predictors of AKI.

Conclusion

AKI remains a frequent and clinically significant complication of platinum-based chemotherapy in our setting. Advanced age, hypertension, and anemia were independently associated with an increased risk of AKI. Targeted preventive measures and close renal monitoring are crucial for high-risk patients.

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