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E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
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Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Renal amyloidosis occurs due to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the kidneys, and treatment strategies vary according to the amyloid type. While studies from Western populations report AL amyloidosis as the predominant form, research from Southeast Asia suggests that AA amyloidosis, linked to chronic inflammatory conditions, is more frequent.
We conducted a retrospective study to classify renal amyloidosis diagnosed from renal biopsies over a 16.5-year period (2009-June 2025) at a single tertiary care institute in North India. The aim was to determine whether, with the availability of improved diagnostic techniques over time, there were any changes in the type of amyloid and the secondary cause of AA amyloid. The amyloid type was identified through a combination of immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, serum electrophoresis, immunofixation, free light chain assays, and bone marrow examination. The clinical history and investigations were reviewed for any secondary causes in patients diagnosed with AA amyloid. An analysis of changes in amyloid type and etiology over the years was conducted across three time periods: 2009-2014, 2015-2019, and 2020-June 2025.
During this period, 251 renal biopsies were diagnosed with amyloidosis, including 167 males (66.5%) and 84 females (age range 9-86, mean 51.9 ± 14.4 years). Of these, 220 biopsies were AL (n=99), AA (n=114), or dual positive (n=7) for both AL and AA. From 2009 to 2014, pure AA amyloid accounted for about 62%, but by 2020-25, it decreased to 44%, while pure AL amyloid increased from 38% to 50% (Fig. 1). Evaluation of secondary causes of AA amyloid showed that, compared to 2009-2014, when chronic infection was the most common etiology (43%), it decreased to 39% in 2015-2019 and further to 20.9% in 2020-2025 (Fig. 2). Tuberculosis was the most common infection. The other etiology was long-standing autoimmune conditions, which increased from 21.6% (2009-2014) to 29% (2015-2019), reaching 41.8% in 2020-2025 as a cause of AA amyloid. In about 28% patients with AA amyloid, the etiology remained unknown.
Accurate typing of renal amyloidosis is vital for effective management. This large single-center study from a developing country shows a declining trend in AA amyloidosis and a shift in its secondary causes from infections to autoimmune diseases, likely due to improved diagnostics and earlier detection.
