High-Fat High-sucrose Diet Exacerbates Renal Ferroptosis via FXR-Dependent Disruption of Bile Acid and Lysophospholipid Homeostasis

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/0cc26c415103187af1223526780a52e8.pdf
High-Fat High-sucrose Diet Exacerbates Renal Ferroptosis via FXR-Dependent Disruption of Bile Acid and Lysophospholipid Homeostasis

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Hsuan Miao
Liu
Hsuan Miao Liu hsuanmliu@mail.ccgu.edu.tw Chang Gung University Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan *
Yi Chin Lu ycl0426@cgmh.org.tw Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan - Chang Gung University Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
Tzung Yan Lee joyamen@mail.cgu.edu.tw Chang Gung University Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan - Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Keelung Taiwan
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Metabolic stress from high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) intake induces renal injury by impairing mitochondrial function and promoting lipid peroxidation. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a key regulator of bile acid and lipid metabolism, yet its role in HFHS-induced renal ferroptosis remains unclear. To investigate how FXR deficiency modulates bile acid–lipid remodeling and ferroptotic pathways in HFHS-induced kidney injury.

Male wild-type (WT) and FXR knockout (FXR KO) mice were fed standard chow or an HFHS diet for 5 month. Kidney pathology was assessed by trichrome staining. Plasma bile acids (e.g., LCA, DCA, CDCA, CA, TCA) and lipids (LPC 22:5, LPC 20:5, PE 36:1) were analyzed by targeted metabolomics. Western blotting and immunostaining were used to evaluate GPX4, ACSL4, 4-HNE, and mitochondrial biogenesis markers (PGC‑1α, TFAM).

HFHS-fed WT and FXR KO mice developed renal tubular injury and disrupted bile acid balance, with elevated 12‑OH bile acids (DCA) and non‑12‑OH species (LCA) and non‑12‑OH species (LCA), indicating impaired enterohepatic regulation. Plasma lipidomics revealed a pro-ferroptotic profile characterized by increased LPC 22:5 and PE 36:1, and decreased LPC 20:5. In FXR KO mice, HFHS feeding further impaired bile acid profiles, notably reducing CA, TCA, and CDCA. These alterations were associated with pronounced GPX4 and PGC‑1α downregulation, reduced mitochondrial protective capacity, and increased renal lipid peroxidation (4-HNE, MDA). Together, these results highlight that FXR loss exacerbates HFHS-induced renal injury through bile acid–lysophospholipid–ferroptosis axis dysregulation.


FXR serves as a critical modulator of bile acid–lipid crosstalk in metabolic kidney injury. Its absence sensitizes the kidney to ferroptotic stress under HFHS conditions by amplifying disruptions in both bile acid metabolism and ferroptosis-prone lipid profiles. Therapeutic strategies targeting the FXR–bile acid–lipid axis may offer new avenues to mitigate diet-induced ferroptosis and renal dysfunction.

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