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E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
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Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Pleiotropic effects of vitamin D on various body systems, including erythropoiesis, have become evident in the past decades. Observational studies in both healthy and diseased populations have suggested a correlation between serum calcidiol (25OHD) levels and anemia. Since this relationship in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a matter of debate, we aimed to assess the association between 25OHD and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in epoetin-naïve non-dialysis CKD adults from a continental temperate climate region.
This retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study included 90 stable patients with CKD stages G2-G5 [median age 62 years (95%CI 50-73), 56% over 60 years, 43% with vascular nephropathies, median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 24 mL/min (95%CI 16-36), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) 221 mg/g (95%CI 42-1012), and 80% classified as very high risk according to KDIGO criteria].
Subjects were selected from the patients admitted over a 12-month period if they were >18 years old, met the diagnosis criteria for CKD, had available measurements for hemogram and calcidiol. Exclusion criteria included acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy, active inflammatory or neoplastic diseases, and known causes of anemia.
Univariate Spearman rank correlation and multivariate analyses (linear and logistic regressions) were performed.
Among the study participants, 80% had vitamin D deficiency (defined as serum calcidiol <20ng/ml) and 59% had anemia (according to the World Health Organization definition). While the prevalence of decreased 25OHD was similar across CKD stages, the frequency of anemia increased with declining eGFR. The median C-reactive protein was within the normal range [3 mg/l (95%CI 2-7)] and serum ferritin was 220 ng/ml (95%CI 134-335).
The median Hb was 12 g/dl (95%CI 11.6 to 12.6). Subjects with hemoglobin below the median (n=46), had more frequently diabetes mellitus (p<0.001), had lower eGFR (p<0.001), serum albumin (p=0.03), transferrin (p=0.007), calcium (p=0.004), and calcidiol (p<0.001), but higher proteinuria (p<0.001), serum phosphate (p=0.001), parathyroid hormone (p=0.008), and fibroblast growth factor-23 (p<0.001).
Also, Hb was positively correlated with 25OHD (rs=0.30, p<0.01).
However, serum calcidiol was not retained as an independent predictor of serum hemoglobin in either linear regression (R²=0.37, p<0.0001) or binomial logistic regression (R²=0.45, p<0.0001) models adjusted for potential confounders like comorbidities, eGFR, ACR, nutritional status and mineral metabolism parameters. Only diabetes mellitus and lower eGFR emerged as determinants of anemia in these analyses.
Vitamin D deficiency appears to have limited influence on anemia in predominantly elderly, non-dialysis CKD patients from a geographical region with temperate climate which contributes to its very high prevalence, at least in the absence of significant systemic inflammation.
