DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF TACROLIMUS CONCENTRATION-TO-DOSE RATIO (C0/D RATIO) WITH DIFFERENT TACROLIMUS FORMULATIONS ON KIDNEY FUNCTION IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS (KTRS)

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/d62f250eff6cd91d1de4ffc7963933f2.pdf
DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF TACROLIMUS CONCENTRATION-TO-DOSE RATIO (C0/D RATIO) WITH DIFFERENT TACROLIMUS FORMULATIONS ON KIDNEY FUNCTION IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS (KTRS)

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Aidan
Gangji
Kelvin Orare kelvin.orare@medportal.ca McMaster University Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine Hamilton Canada -
Shok Hoon Ooi shok.hoonooi@medportal.ca McMaster University Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine Hamilton Canada -
Aidan Gangji aidangangji@gmail.com St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton Education & Research Centre Hamilton Canada *
Hon Shen P'Ng pngh@mcmaster.ca McMaster University Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine Hamilton Canada -
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Tacrolimus remains the cornerstone of immunosuppression after kidney transplantation, but interpatient variability in metabolism complicates dosing. The tacrolimus concentration-to-dose (C0/D) ratio provides a surrogate marker of metabolism: low ratios indicate fast metabolizers at higher risk of toxicity or rejection, while high ratios reflect slower metabolism and more stable exposure. The clinical utility of this ratio across tacrolimus formulations remains underexplored.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult kidney transplant recipients at St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton (2020–2023) We carried out a retrospective study involving adult kidney transplant recipients at St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton from 2020 to 2023 who were on tacrolimus-based immunosuppression. We excluded patients who had received multi-organ transplants or switched to other medications early on. We calculated C0/D ratios at three months and split patients into low and high metabolizer groups based on a cutoff of 1.05. We looked at clinical outcomes like 12-month eGFR, rejection rates, tacrolimus-related kidney damage, and viral infections (specifically BK and CMV). For our analyses, we utilized t-tests, ANOVA, and weighted generalized estimating equations.

Of 674 screened, 397 recipients met inclusion criteria. Faster metabolizers required higher tacrolimus doses to maintain comparable trough levels. At 12 months, eGFR did not differ significantly across metabolizer groups. Patients with low C0/D ratios on Envarsus were often those switched from Advagraf and had lower starting eGFR levels, but after adjustments, kidney function outcomes were comparable across the different formulations. Moreover, survival rates without CMV and BK viremia didn’t show any significant variation (p = 0.235 and p = 0.487, respectively).

Tacrolimus metabolism, reflected by the C0/D ratio, influences dosing requirements but not short-term graft function. No significant differences were found between Envarsus and Advagraf after adjustment. Ongoing data collection aims to validate the C0/D ratio as a practical tool for individualized immunosuppression management.

Kewords