SUBCLINICAL HEART DISEASE AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN FABRY DISEASE: A FAMILY CASE SERIES

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/2493b88e13939be82417e2f5aeb5470a.pdf
SUBCLINICAL HEART DISEASE AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN FABRY DISEASE: A FAMILY CASE SERIES

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Geraldo
Bezerra da Silva Junior
Danielli Oliveira da Costa Lino danielli.lino.hm@gmail.com University of Fortaleza Public Health Graduate Program Fortaleza Brazil - Hospital de Messejana Cardiology Division Fortaleza Brazil
Carlos Jose Mota de Lima carlos_mota_lima@yahoo.com.br Hospital de Messejana Cardiology Division Fortaleza Brazil -
Amanda Jorge de Sousa Vasconcelos amandajorgesv@edu.unifor.br University of Fortaleza Medical School Fortaleza Brazil -
Jean Carlos Souza Machado dos Santos jeancarlos13.6@hotmail.com Hospital de Messejana Cardiology Division Fortaleza Brazil -
Felipe Bringel Landim felipe_landimbs@hotmail.com Hospital de Messejana Cardiology Division Fortaleza Brazil -
Ricardo Paulo de Sousa Rocha ricardopsr@gmail.com Hospital de Messejana Cardiology Division Fortaleza Brazil -
Suellen Bergamim Tavares suellenbergamim@gmail.com Hospital de Messejana Cardiology Division Fortaleza Brazil -
Igor Moreira de Almeida igormdal@gmail.com Federal University of Ceara Pharmacy/Pharmacology Graduate Program Fortaleza Brazil -
Gdayllon Cavalcante Meneses gdayllon@yahoo.com.br Federal University of Ceara Pharmacy/Pharmacology Graduate Program Fortaleza Brazil -
Elizabeth De Francesco Daher ef.daher@uol.com.br Federal University of Ceara Department of Internal Medicine Fortaleza Brazil -
Alice Maria Costa Martins martinsalice@gmail.com Federal University of Ceara Pharmacy/Pharmacology Graduate Program Fortaleza Brazil -
Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior geraldobsilvajr@yahoo.com University of Fortaleza Medical Sciences and Public Health Graduate Programs Fortaleza Brazil *
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Fabry’s disease (FD) is a rare and hereditary disease linked to the X chromosome, caused by deficiency of the enzyme alfagalactosidase A. It presents a variable clinical and epidemiological profile, which promotes a high rate of underdiagnosis, despite the need for early treatment due to its high morbidity and mortality, especially linked to kidney and heart disease. This study aims to investigate a series of cases of a family affected by FD, genotypically identified through cascade screening, evaluating their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. 

This is a study in two phases: 1 - retrospective cross-sectional, with the review of medical records at a reference center in Fortaleza, Ceará; 2 - cross-sectional study for clinical evaluation of patients and cardiac screening, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram and cardiac nuclear magnetic resonance for the evaluation of structural and functional changes, as well as collected general laboratory tests and for dosage analysis of inflammation and fibrosis biomarkers. 

Fourteen patients, 3 (21.40%) male and 11 (78.60%) female were evaluated, with median age of 30.5 years. The positivity rate in the two tested family generations ranged from 54 to 69%. These patients had 6 years of symptoms, and the average age of the first symptoms was 20 years. In 71.40% the neurological system was identified as the first symptomatology, and cardiovascular in 14.30%. Palpitations (50%) were the most common CV symptom. Only one patient presented initial hypertrophic pattern. Diastolic dysfunction was present in 42.9% of the echocardiogram. Papillary muscle alterations, hypertrabeculations and mitral anomalies were the most common morphological findings for NMR. Among the biomarkers, VCAM-1 was considerably higher in relation to the control group (p<0.001) and was slightly elevated in patients with ventricular remodeling/HVE (p=0.045). No patient had clinically evident kidney disease.

This study allowed detecting a high number of patients in the same family, at a young age, with reduced time of disease and pre-presentation hypertrophic heart disease, and significant abnormality in the levels of VCAM-1, which marks endothelial dysfunction and possible subclinical kidney disease, pointing to a possible novel criteria for early treatment start.

Kewords