PROCYANIDIN C1 ATTENUATES KIDNEY TUBULAR SENESCENCE AND INJURY INSTIGATED BY THE DIABETIC INSULTS

 

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PROCYANIDIN C1 ATTENUATES KIDNEY TUBULAR SENESCENCE AND INJURY INSTIGATED BY THE DIABETIC INSULTS

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Bohan
Chen
Bohan Chen bohanchen53@hotmail.com the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Nephrology Zhengzhou China *
Pei Wang wpei@zzu.edu.cn the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Nephrology Zhengzhou China -
Xianhui Liang fccliangxh@zzu.edu.cn the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Nephrology Zhengzhou China -
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents the leading cause of chronic kidney disease globally, with cellular senescence, particularly in tubular epithelial cells, emerging as a key contributor to its pathogenesis. The polyphenolic compound Procyanidin C1 (PCC1) has demonstrated senotherapeutic potential in various aging-related contexts, however, its specific effects and mechanism in DKD remain unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of PCC1 against diabetes-induced renal tubular senescence and injury and to elucidate its underlying molecular pathways. 

The role of PCC1 against diabetes-induced tubular senescence and injury was evaluated in vitro in tubular epithelial cells and in murine models of streptozotocin-elicited DKD.

In vitro in tubular epithelial cells, PCC1 treatment significantly mitigated diabetic milieu-induced “cellular senescence” and “P53 pathway signaling”, as identified by KEGG analysis of RNA-sequencing data. Specifically, PCC1 attenuated senescence markers, including reduced γH2AX foci formation, decreased senescence-associated-β-galactosidase activity, and downregulated expression of key mediators of senescence signaling like p16INK4A and p21. These effects were associated with suppressed phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15, a key event in the senescence cascade that can be activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mechanistically, PCC1 targeted the active site pocket of arginase-II (Arg-II), inhibiting its enzyme activity and subsequently reducing ROS production and p53 phosphorylation at Ser15. Notably, forced expression of Arg-II abolished the senotherapeutic effect of PCC1, confirming Arg-II as its critical molecular target. In murine models of streptozotocin-elicited DKD, PCC1 therapy inhibited Arg-II expression and p53 phosphorylation in tubular cells, leading to reduced tubular senescence and injury, along with improved diabetes-induced renal injury. 

These findings highlight PCC1 as a novel senotherapeutic agent that attenuates DKD progression by targeting the Arg-II/ROS/p53 pathway, offering a promising strategy for DKD management.

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