CHARACTERISTICS, RISK FACTORS, AND VASCULAR OUTCOMES OF DIABETIC KIDNEY DISEASE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM CLINIC-BASED PATIENT REGISTRY (J-DOME) IN JAPAN

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/8439a57f038f259bed034e1811a711ca.pdf
CHARACTERISTICS, RISK FACTORS, AND VASCULAR OUTCOMES OF DIABETIC KIDNEY DISEASE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM CLINIC-BASED PATIENT REGISTRY (J-DOME) IN JAPAN

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Yui
Yoshida
Yui Yoshida yuiyoshida@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp The University of Tokyo Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan *
Hiroshi Nishi hrnishi-tky@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp The University of Tokyo Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology Tokyo Japan -
Narumi Eguchi eguchi@jmari.med.or.jp Japan Medical Association Research Institute Japan Medical Association Research Institute Tokyo Japan -
Mitsuhiko Noda noda-3im@io.ocn.ne.jp Ichikawa Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Chiba Japan -
Shiro Tanaka tanaka.shiro.8n@kyoto-u.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Department of Clinical Biostatistics/Clinical Biostatistics Course Kyoto Japan -
Yutaka Matsuyama matuyama@epistat.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp The University of Tokyo Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan -
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The pathophysiology of diabetes is becoming more diverse owing to advance in treatment and an aging population. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) encompasses patients with an atypical clinical course, in which a decline in GFR precedes the onset of albuminuria. The prevalence, risk factors, and incidence of future diabetic vascular complications in patients with low eGFR and normoalbuminuria remain especially controversial. 

DKD was defined as the presence of reduced eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m²) and/or albuminuria (≥30 mg/gCr), and we further classified DKD into three groups based on the presence of albuminuria and reduced eGFR. We analyzed the Japan-wide multicenter database of adult patients with type 2 diabetes (J-DOME) to clarify the prevalence of each DKD subgroup and to identify the risk factors for progression from no DKD to each DKD subgroup using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Prior to the analysis, we excluded patients with eGFR<15 mL/min/1.73 m², or those receiving maintenance dialysis at the registration, or a follow-up period of less than 90 days. We also calculated the annual trends in their eGFR using a linear mixed-effects model and evaluated the incidence of new diabetic vascular complications using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. 

Among 2,733 patients, the median age was 68 years old, and the median observation period was 2.5 years. The prevalence of DKD was 45% (n=1,239), and the low eGFR and normoalbuminuria group was one-third of all DKD patients (n=421). This group was older, had a higher proportion of females, and exhibited relatively glucose and blood pressure (BP) control compared to no DKD group. The risk factors for progression from non-DKD to this group were low eGFR and use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors at baseline, while the risk factors for the albuminuria and normal eGFR group were high BP and albuminuria at baseline. The eGFR decline rate in the low eGFR and normoalbuminuria group was significantly lower than in the no DKD group, whereas the eGFR decline rate in the albuminuria and normal eGFR group was significantly higher than in the no DKD group. In the low eGFR and normoalbuminuria group and the albuminuria and normal eGFR group, there was no difference in the incidence of macrovascular diseases (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disorder, and foot lesions) and microvascular diseases (diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy) compared to the no DKD group.

The low eGFR and normoalbuminruia group was older, but had good control of diabetes and hypertension, and had a low risk of future renal function decline and incidence of diabetic vascular complications. In contrast, the albuminuria and normal eGFR group showed poor control of lifestyle-related diseases and had a higher risk of renal function decline. This suggests lifestyle-related disease management and appropriate medications are important prior to the developing of albuminuria. 

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