SERUM α-KLOTHO DYNAMICS AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS INDEX

 

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SERUM α-KLOTHO DYNAMICS AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS INDEX

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Mayuko
Kawabe
Mayuko Kawabe mayuko@jikei.ac.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan *
Izumi Yamamoto izumi26@jikei.ac.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Yutaro Ohki yutaro.19910625@gmail.com The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Ayaka Hayashi a.hayashi.med@gmail.com The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Go Kanzaki g-kanzaki@jikei.ac.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Akimitsu Kobayashi kobaaki0909@yahoo.co.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Kei Matsumoto kmatsumoto@jikei.ac.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Hiroyuki Ueda hi-ro@jikei.ac.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Yudo Tanno yudo@msd.biglobe.ne.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Nobuo Tsuboi nobuotsuboi@gmail.com The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Hiroyasu Yamamoto h-yamamoto@jikei.ac.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
Takashi Yokoo tyokoo@jikei.ac.jp The Jikei University School of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Japan -
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α-Klotho is a kidney-derived anti-aging protein that exerts pleiotropic effects on phosphate homeostasis, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. Reduced circulating α-Klotho levels have been associated with chronic kidney disease progression, vascular calcification, and adverse transplantation outcomes. Renal transplantation may partially restore Klotho production via the transplanted kidney; however, longitudinal data linking post-transplant Klotho recovery and cardiac remodeling remain limited. This study aimed to characterize serum α-Klotho kinetics in the early and late post-transplant periods and to examine whether early α-Klotho levels are associated with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) as a marker of cardiac remodeling.

Seventeen kidney transplant recipients (mean age 46.7 ± 12.4 years; 12 males, 5 females) were prospectively followed. Blood samples were obtained at four standardized timepoints: before transplantation (Pre), 1 week (1W), 3 months (3M), and 1 year (1Y) post-transplantation. Serum α-Klotho concentrations were measured using a quantitative sandwich ELISA (Immuno-Biological Laboratories, Japan). Echocardiographic assessment of LVMI was performed at 1 year post-transplant. Differences in α-Klotho across timepoints were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. Correlations between 3-month α-Klotho and LVMI (g/m²) were evaluated using linear regression and Spearman rank correlation. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

The mean serum α-Klotho concentrations were: Pre = 326.6 pg/mL, 1W = 305.5 pg/mL, 3M = 414.9 pg/mL, and 1Y = 440.0 pg/mL. Compared with baseline, α-Klotho significantly increased at 3 months and remained elevated at 1 year (p < 0.05). Higher α-Klotho levels at 3 months were associated with lower LVMI at 1 year (β = −0.082, p = 0.055), suggesting that early Klotho restoration may have a cardioprotective effect through favorable cardiac remodeling.

Serum α-Klotho levels in kidney transplant recipients exhibit a biphasic pattern, with an early postoperative decline followed by progressive recovery within the first year. Elevated α-Klotho at 3 months post-transplant was inversely associated with LVMI at 1 year, suggesting that early restoration of Klotho may contribute to improved cardiac remodeling and reduced left ventricular hypertrophy. Serial α-Klotho monitoring could serve as a non-invasive biomarker reflecting both allograft recovery and cardiovascular health. Larger multicenter studies are warranted to validate α-Klotho as a prognostic marker in the cardio-renal continuum after kidney transplantation.

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