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During the congress, E-Posters will be accessible to all participants on the congress website 24/7, as well as in the E-poster stations in the congress center.
Preparing your E-Poster
Please review the E-Poster format requirements carefully when preparing your E-Poster. Should your E-Poster not meet the mentioned requirements, it may not be displayed as described above.
E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
Please follow the instructions below to input your abstract title.
Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Resistant hypertension (RH) is defined as blood pressure that is uncontrolled despite the use of 3 antihypertensive medications of different classes at maximally tolerated doses. While RH is increasingly reported in adults, literature on RH in pediatric patients is scarce.
We did a cross-sectional study on consecutive children < 18 years of age on 3 or more antihypertensive medications for at least 3 months and attending a tertiary-care hospital in South India from July 2023 to July 2025. Investigations done for etiological evaluation were retrieved from medical records. All enrolled children were subjected to one-time cross-sectional evaluation by echocardiography for the following parameters- left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS) by speckle-tracking echo, trans-mitral and pulmonary venous doppler, and tissue doppler imaging. These cardiac parameters were classified as normal or abnormal based on standard pediatric references.
During the 2 year enrolment period, 54 children (61% boys) with mean age of 11 ± 3.7 years and on 3 or more BP drugs for the preceding 14 [9-33] months were enrolled. Renal causes accounted for 92% cases, with glomerular disorders, renovascular hypertension, and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) contributing to 28%, 24%, and 22%, respectively. Endocrine causes such as Phaeochromocytoma, cardiac causes like Takayasu aorto-arteritis, and miscellaneous causes including Prader Willi Syndrome with obstructive sleep apnea contributed to the remaining cases (Fig.1). Twelve (22%) patients were on 5 or more drugs, with calcium channel blockers and beta blockers being the most commonly employed agents. Diuretics were used in only 7% of cases. LVH (borderline and definite combined) was observed in 70% of patients. Systolic (LVEF and GLS) and diastolic (doppler parameters) dysfunction were observed in 50% and 65% patients, respectively.
Renal parenchymal and renovascular disorders were the predominant causes of resistant hypertension in children in this study. An alarming proportion of RH patients have significant structural and/or functional cardiac abnormalities warranting strict BP control and regular cardiac assessments to prevent major adverse cardiovascular events in adulthood.
