CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TUBULOINTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS WITH GLYCOSURIA: A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/7504335fcbc675a90ec5c3c9c09f74ee.pdf
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TUBULOINTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS WITH GLYCOSURIA: A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

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Natsumi
Saegusa
Natsumi Saegusa saenatsumi@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan *
Shun Yoshida yoshidas@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Kohei Yamamura k.yamamura@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Keiichi Osano kosano@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Yumi Suwa suwa-twksk@ych.pref.yamanashi.jp Yamanashi Central Hospital Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Toshihisa Ishii ishiit@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Makiko Konishi makikok@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Tsukasa Naganuma naganuma-bfpn@ych.pref.yamanashi.jp Yamanashi Central Hospital Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Kazuya Takahashi takahashik@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Ikuo Nukui nukui-akfg@ych.pref.yamanashi.jp Yamanashi Central Hospital Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
Ayumu Nakashima a.nakashima@yamanashi.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Department of Nephrology Yamanashi Japan -
 
 
 
 

Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is characterized by kidney dysfunction and minimal urinary abnormalities. TIN may also be associated with glucosuria. However, the clinical characteristics of patients with positive urinary glucose levels have not been investigated sufficiently. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics of TIN patients with glucosuria.

This retrospective, observational study was conducted at two institutions (Yamanashi University Hospital and Yamanashi Central Hospital). The study included patients diagnosed with TIN based on renal biopsy between 2015 and 2024. Patients with concomitant glomerulonephritis or a history of kidney transplantation were excluded. Glycosuria was defined as follows: (1) patients without overt diabetes mellitus (DM) who showed urinary glucose ≥1+ on urinalysis at the time of renal biopsy (prior to treatment), or (2) patients with DM who were not taking sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and had simultaneous plasma glucose levels <120 mg/dL with urinary glucose (≥1+). The study population was divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of glycosuria. Patient characteristics and clinical parameters were compared between the two groups.

A total of 59 patients were diagnosed with TIN, of whom 17 (28.8%) showed urinary glucose positivity. The glycosuria-positive group had a higher incidence of idiopathic and drug-induced conditions (p = 0.03) and a lower proportion of systemic diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome, sarcoidosis, immunoglobulin G 4-related kidney disease, and vasculitis. The glycosuria-positive group also demonstrated lower serum uric acid and phosphate levels (both p < 0.05) and a higher prevalence of hematuria, as well as higher urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminidase levels and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratios (both p < 0.01). Notably, age, sex, serum creatinine levels, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Overall, steroid therapy was administered to 46 patients (78%). Among patients who received steroid treatment, changes in eGFR from baseline to treatment initiation did not differ significantly between the groups; however, the glycosuria-positive group showed significantly greater improvement in eGFR at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment initiation (all p < 0.05). Moreover, the rates of partial and complete remission at 6 months were significantly higher in the glycosuria-positive group than in the glycosuria-negative group (84.6% vs. 46.1%, p = 0.04).

The occurrence of glycosuria differs according to the etiology of TIN, suggesting that the clinical characteristics of TIN varies depending on the presence or absence of glycosuria.

Kewords