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During the congress, E-Posters will be accessible to all participants on the congress website 24/7, as well as in the E-poster stations in the congress center.
Preparing your E-Poster
Please review the E-Poster format requirements carefully when preparing your E-Poster. Should your E-Poster not meet the mentioned requirements, it may not be displayed as described above.
E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
Please follow the instructions below to input your abstract title.
Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Climate change and population growth are intensifying Egypt’s chronic water scarcity—UNICEF estimated 1.8 billion people will face absolute water scarcity by 2025—while national demand exceeds Nile-derived resources (annual requirement of 114 billion m³ vs. available 59.6 billion m³). Hemodialysis is a comparatively water-intensive health service: a 4-hour session may consume up to 500 L, and an individual patient may generate about 72,000 L of reject/grey water annually. With an estimated 3,393 Egyptian patients on hemodialysis, national dialysis-related water loss is approximately 244,296,000 L/year. To address this, we piloted a water-salvage (RO-reject reuse) initiative at Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) to reduce freshwater demand, operational costs, and environmental impact while preserving patient safety and regulatory compliance.
A phased implementation combined laboratory, engineering, and operational measures. Phase 1 (baseline) assessed dialysis feed and post-RO water against AAMI/ISO standards (TDS, conductivity, pH, chlorine/chloramine, hardness, heavy metals, endotoxin, bacterial counts) and characterized RO-reject suitability for non-clinical uses (pH, TDS, turbidity, COD/BOD, TSS, DO, coliforms/E. coli, Pseudomonas, heavy metals, nitrate). Phase 2 (pilot) installed a reclamation chain—storage tanks (15–20 m³ capacity), basic particulate filtration and pH adjustment, pumps and distribution plumbing—and tested reuse applications (cleaning, toilet flushing, irrigation) with scheduled sampling (1, 3, 6 months). Phase 3 established ongoing monitoring and QA (weekly pH/TDS, monthly coliforms, quarterly savings reports).
Preliminary modeling and literature-based benchmarks indicate substantial water and cost savings with short payback periods. Using the per-patient estimate (72,000 L/year), national reuse could avert about 244 million L/year; TBRI unit data indicate large local volumes available for capture (reported estimate ≈32.4 million L/year). International pilots (UK, Australia, France) and published analyses demonstrate reductions in mains consumption (up to 38%), hourly grey-water capture (800 L/h), and economic payback within 3 years. The proposed system meets reuse criteria for cleaning, laundry, toilet flushing, and landscape irrigation after minimal treatment and—because reject water does not contact patients—poses negligible infection risk when proper safeguards and monitoring are in place.
RO-reject salvage in dialysis units is a practical, low-energy, cost-effective intervention that advances green nephrology, aligns with Egypt’s National Water Resources Plan and SDGs, and enhances institutional resilience to water stress. The pilot at TBRI provides a scalable model for national rollout: it reduces freshwater consumption and wastewater generation, yields rapid financial return, and builds local capacity for sustainable healthcare technologies. Continued pilot data collection, regulatory alignment, and dissemination will support broader adoption across LMIC dialysis services.
