CLINICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPORT SYNDROME IN JAPAN: A NATIONAL COHORT STUDY

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/1878deaffa5b3c5d06068522dc92e581.pdf
CLINICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPORT SYNDROME IN JAPAN: A NATIONAL COHORT STUDY

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Yusuke
Okuda
Yusuke Okuda okuda@kitasato-u.ac.jp Kitasato University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Sagamihara Japan *
Naoaki Mikami naoaki_mikami@tmhp.jp Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Tokyo Japan -
Kazuki Tanaka kazuki.tanaka0505@gmail.com Aichi Children’s Health and Medical Center Department of Pediatric Nephrology Aichi Japan -
Kenichiro Miura kmiura@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women's Medical University Department of Pediatric Nephrology Tokyo Japan -
Kei Nishiyama nishiyama.kei.705@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Departments of Pediatrics Fukuoka Japan -
Naoko Ito ito.naoko@twmu.ac.jp Tokyo Women's Medical University Department of Surgical Pathology Tokyo Japan -
Koichi Nakanishi knakanis@cs.u-ryukyu.ac.jp Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Department of Child Health and Welfare (Pediatrics) Ginowan Japan -
Kandai Nozu nozu@med.kobe-u.ac.jp Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Kobe Japan -
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Comprehensive epidemiological data on Alport syndrome, particularly from national cohorts, remain limited.

Using the national Alport syndrome registry in Japan (JP-ALPS), established in October 2022, we described baseline characteristics in the 2022–2025 cohort (N = 257) and analyzed longitudinal trends in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio in the 2022–2024 subcohort (N = 121).

Median age at onset was 3 (IQR, 1-4) years, 137 (53.3%) were male, and 210 (81.7%) underwent genetic testing. Among those with genetic testing, 155 (73.8%) had X-linked, 15 (7.1%) autosomal recessive, and 26 (12.4%) autosomal dominant Alport syndrome. Kidney biopsy was performed in 158 (61.5%) patients. On light microscopy, minor glomerular abnormalities were the most common finding. On electron microscopy, GBM changes were seen in most patients. Alpha five staining was evaluated in 122 patients; patchy staining was most common in females, while negative staining was most common in males. Kidney function was normal at disease onset, with a median eGFR of 112.9 (interquartile range, 99.3–131.1) mL/min/1.73 m2. Although a steep decline during adolescence was observed in some male patients with X-linked Alport syndrome, eGFR decline was relatively slow during childhood and adolescence; the point estimate of eGFR at age 20 was 88.6 mL/min/1.73 m2. Six patients transitioned to end-stage kidney disease during the follow-up period. Eighty-one patients (66.9%) used renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) inhibitors, and the rate of eGFR decline was slower after RAS inhibitor initiation.

Most patients were diagnosed through genetic testing. In our cohort which consisted mainly of patients who did not require kidney replacement therapy in childhood and adolescence, kidney function was preserved throughout this period except for some male patients with X-linked Alport syndrome. RAS inhibitor use may be associated with a reduced rate of eGFR decline.

The results reported in part of this abstract have been published in Clinical and Experimental Nephrology.

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