Impact of Rapid Glucocorticoid Tapering in Pure Membranous Lupus Nephritis

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/ee623f87c69da519b6204cb2fe36e391.pdf
Impact of Rapid Glucocorticoid Tapering in Pure Membranous Lupus Nephritis

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Hidekazu
Ikeuchi
Hidekazu Ikeuchi hikeuchi@gunma-u.ac.jp Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Maebashi Japan *
Keiju Hiromura hiromura@gunma-u.ac.jp Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Maebashi Japan -
Hayato Shimizu hash_mother_lake1008@yahoo.co.jp Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Department of Rheumatology Kobe Japan -
Shuji Sumitomo sumitomoshuji@gmail.com Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Department of Rheumatology Kobe Japan -
Yoshiya Tanaka tanaka@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp University of Occupational and Environmental Health The First Department of Internal Medicine, Kitakyushu Japan -
Hiroki Hayashi hhayashi@fujita-hu.ac.jp Fujita Health University School of Medicine Department of Nephrology Toyoake Japan -
Satoshi Kubo kubosato@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp University of Occupational and Environmental Health The First Department of Internal Medicine, Kitakyushu Japan -
Singo Nakayamada s-nakaya@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp University of Occupational and Environmental Health The First Department of Internal Medicine Kitakyushu Japan -
Yukio Yuzawa yukio-y@fujita-hu.ac.jp Fujita Health University School of Medicine Department of Nephrology Toyoake Japan -
Michihito Kono m-kono@med.hokudai.ac.jp Hokkaido University Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology Sapporo Japan -
Tatsuya Atsumi at3tat@med.hokudai.ac.jp Hokkaido University Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology Sapporo Japan -
Koichiro Ohmura ohmurako1964@gmail.com Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Department of Rheumatology Kobe Japan -
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While rapid glucocorticoid (GC) tapering is increasingly advocated in proliferative lupus nephritis (LN), evidence regarding this approach in pure membranous LN (Class V) remains limited. Given the distinct pathophysiology and traditionally variable treatment strategies for Class V disease, the safety and efficacy of reducing GC to low doses within six months warrant clarification. We aimed to evaluate the impact of rapid GC tapering on renal outcomes in patients with biopsy-confirmed pure membranous LN.

This multicenter retrospective cohort study included patients with ISN/RPS Class V LN treated between 2003 and 2023 across 18 centers in Japan. Patients were categorized into a rapid tapering group (prednisolone ≤7.5 mg/day at six months) and a conventional tapering group (>7.5 mg/day). The primary endpoint was partial renal response (PRR) at 12 months. Secondary endpoints included complete renal response (CRR) at 12 and 24 months, relapse, and serious adverse events (SAEs). Adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) were estimated using modified Poisson regression, controlling for baseline proteinuria, estimated GFR, initial GC dose, and immunosuppressant use.

A total of 67 patients were analyzed (rapid-tapering group, n = 15; conventional-tapering group, n = 52), with no significant baseline differences in demographics, proteinuria, renal function, or concomitant immunosuppressive therapy. Early disease control was comparable, with ≥50% proteinuria reduction at 3 months in 75.0% of the rapid group and 57.4% of the conventional group (p = 0.334). At 12 months, partial renal response (PRR) was achieved in 85.7% vs 84.3% of the rapid and conventional groups, respectively (aRR 0.79; 95% CI 0.14–4.60), and complete renal response (CRR) in 64.3% vs 56.9%, respectively (aRR 0.68; 95% CI 0.29–1.60). At 24 months, both PRR (83.3% vs. 80.4%) and CRR (50.0% vs. 45.7%) remained comparable between the two groups after adjustment. Relapse occurred in 20.0% vs 7.7%, respectively (p = 0.185). Notably, no SAEs were observed in the rapid group, whereas three events (5.8%), including leukopenia and herpes zoster, occurred exclusively in the conventional group. These findings indicate that rapid tapering did not compromise disease control or safety.

Rapid tapering of GC to ≤7.5 mg/day within six months was not associated with worse renal response, increased relapse, nor increased toxicity in pure membranous LN. These findings suggest that rapid GC minimization may be a feasible strategy for Class V LN, extending the evidence previously demonstrated in proliferative disease. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm optimal tapering protocols and identify patients most likely to benefit.

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