ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BLOOD FLOW RATE AND INTRA-DIALYSIS HYPERTENSION: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY OF A SINGLE DIALYSIS CENTRE IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA.

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/64b336fcf4e605d79de8826fcdfdcde6.pdf
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BLOOD FLOW RATE AND INTRA-DIALYSIS HYPERTENSION: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY OF A SINGLE DIALYSIS CENTRE IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA.

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EVELYN
IDAM
EVELYN IDAM adaeveidam@gmail.com Regions Healthcare, Hospitals and Specialist Clinics, Mgbirichi, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria Nephrology and Critical care Owerri Nigeria *
Mkpoikanabasi Obot-Obot obotobotm@regionsneuro.com Regions Healthcare, Hospitals and Specialist Clinics, Mgbirichi, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria Renal and Dialysis Unit Owerri Nigeria -
Bethel Ibeme bemeb@regionsneuro.com Regions Healthcare, Hospitals and Specialist Clinics, Mgbirichi, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Renal and Dialysis Unit Owerri Nigeria -
Happiness Abali abalih@regionsneuro.com Regions Healthcare, Hospitals and Specialist Clinics, Mgbirichi, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Renal and Dialysis Unit Owerri Nigeria -
Great Okezie okezieg@regionsneuro.com Regions Healthcare, Hospitals and Specialist Clinics, Mgbirichi, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Renal and Dialysis Unit Owerri Nigeria -
Patrick Ezekafor ezekaforp@regionsneuro.com Regions Healthcare, Hospitals and Specialist Clinics, Mgbirichi, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Internal Medicine Owerri Nigeria -
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Intra-dialytic hypertension (IDHtn) is a haemodynamic complication of 

maintenance haemodialysis that may worsen cardiovascular outcomes. We examined the 

relationship between extracorporeal blood flow rate (QB) and IDHtn. We evaluated the roles 

of ultrafiltration goal, dialyser surface area, vascular access type and dialysis duration in a 

single-centre cohort in Southeastern Nigeria

We performed a retrospective analysis of 2,491 haemodialysis sessions. Patientand session-level characteristics were described, and generalised estimating equations (GEE)

were used to model predictors of IDHtn while accounting for repeated sessions per patient.

Outcomes included the occurrence of IDHtn (hour-specific and overall), as well as hourly

changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Key predictors

tested were average QB, hourly QB change, ultrafiltration (UF) goal, dialyser surface area,

vascular access type and treatment duration. 

IDHtn occurred in 63.4% of sessions. The most frequent hour for ≥10 mmHg SBP 

rises was Hour 2 (37.1%). Average QB was 285.62±42.17. Higher average QB was 

independently associated with lower odds of IDHtn (B = −0.009; Exp[B] = 0.991; 95% CI: 

0.988–0.994; p < 0.05), indicating a modest protective effect per 1 mL/min increment. In 

contrast, acute increases in QB during Hours 2 and 3 were associated with greater odds of 

IDHtn (B = 0.012 for both; Exp[B] = 1.012; p < 0.05). Dialyser surface area was a strong 

predictor of first-hour IDHtn (B = 2.076; p < 0.05; Exp[B] = 7.98). Dialysis duration showed 

a complex, time-dependent relationship: longer prescribed session length was protective for 

overall IDHtn (B = −0.343; Exp[B] = 0.709; 95% CI: −0.474 to −0.213; p < 0.05), yet was 

associated with higher odds of IDHtn in Hour 3 (B = 0.599; Exp[B] = 1.82; p < 0.05) and 

Hour 4 (B = 1.114; Exp[B] = 3.05; p < 0.05). UF goal trended toward increasing IDHtn but did not reach significance (p < 0.05). Vascular access type did not independently predict

IDHtn in adjusted models. 

IDHtn was common. Stable, adequately high average QB modestly protected

against IDHtn, while abrupt mid-session increases raised risk. Larger dialyser membranes are

predisposed to early BP rises. Though longer sessions were protective overall, prolonged

treatment increased mid- and late-session risk. Strategies include maintaining steady QB,

avoiding abrupt increases, using moderate dialyser sizes for susceptible patients, and

individualising session length and UF rate with close late-session monitoring.

Kewords