ATYPICAL HEPATORENAL SYNDROME TRIGGERED BY SEPSIS: A CASE REPORT OF REVERSIBLE RENAL DYSFUNCTION IN DECOMPENSATED LIVER CIRRHOSIS

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/831cba8885aa6e231a362251cc7e2b58.pdf
ATYPICAL HEPATORENAL SYNDROME TRIGGERED BY SEPSIS: A CASE REPORT OF REVERSIBLE RENAL DYSFUNCTION IN DECOMPENSATED LIVER CIRRHOSIS

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Andi
Yusnita
Andi Yusnita andiyusnita3@gmail.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia *
Haerani Rasyid haeraniabdurasyid@yahoo.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia -
Syakib Bakri syakib.bakri@yahoo.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia -
Hasyim Kasim Hasyimkasim@yahoo.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia -
St. Rabiul Zatalia Ramadhan zatalia_ramadhan@yahoo.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia -
Akhyar Albaar rvpakhyarmd@gmail.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia -
Nasrum Machmud nasrummachmud29@yahoo.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia -
Achmad Fikry fikryfaridin24@gmail.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University makassar Indonesia -
khadijah khairunnisa ijhasho@gmail.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University makassar Indonesia -
Nu'man A.S Daud numanasdaud@gmail.com InaSN Internal Medicine Hasanuddin University makassar Indonesia -
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Hepatorenal Syndrome–Acute Kidney Injury (HRS-AKI) is a form of renal dysfunction occurring in advanced stages of liver cirrhosis, characterized by renal vasoconstriction without structural kidney abnormalities. Differentiating HRS-AKI from acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis or hypovolemia is often challenging in clinical practice. The atypical or reversible variant arises when multiple precipitating factors coexist; therefore, application of the 2023 International Club of Ascites–Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ICA–ADQI) criteria is essential to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Observational

A 43-year-old male with chronic hepatitis C presented with jaundice, ascites, and easy fatigability, with no history of hypertension, diabetes, or prior kidney disease. Physical examination revealed stable hemodynamics, jaundice, ascites, and mild peripheral edema. Laboratory findings showed a rapid rise in serum creatinine from 0.97 to 5.9 mg/dL and urea from 20 to 122 mg/dL, accompanied by microscopic hematuria, proteinuria, and a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >300 mg/g. Sepsis markers were elevated (leukocytosis, high C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin). Liver function tests indicated hyperbilirubinemia (Total Bilirubin 47.93mg/dl, Direct Bilirubin 31.19) and increased transaminases (GOT/GPT : 277/152). Chest radiograph showed pneumonia, and abdominal ultrasound revealed liver cirrhosis with normal-sized kidneys. The patient received antibiotics, albumin, terlipressin, and fluid restriction, and underwent hemodialysis to manage severe azotemia. Following infection control and volume correction, renal function improved without further dialysis.

We report a 43-year-old male case of Atypical Hepatorenal Syndrome triggered by sepsis associated with chronic hepatitis C, who experienced reversible renal dysfunction.

Kewords