ADRENOMEDULLIN MODULATES PERITONEAL INFLAMMATION IN EXPERIMENTAL FUNGAL PERITONITIS THROUGH ANTI-COMPLEMENT ACTIVITY IN ADDITION TO ADRENOMEDULLIN RECEPTOR SIGNALING

 

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ADRENOMEDULLIN MODULATES PERITONEAL INFLAMMATION IN EXPERIMENTAL FUNGAL PERITONITIS THROUGH ANTI-COMPLEMENT ACTIVITY IN ADDITION TO ADRENOMEDULLIN RECEPTOR SIGNALING

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Hangsoo
Kim
Junpei Yokoi yokoi.junpei@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nagoya University Nephrology Nagoya Japan -
Naoki Kamegai kamegai25@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nagoya University Nephrology Nagoya Japan -
Hangsoo Kim kimu13@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nagoya University Nephrology Nagoya Japan *
Satoshi Ototake ototake26@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nagoya University Nephrology Nagoya Japan -
Sosuke Fukui fukui22@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nagoya University Nephrology Nagoya Japan -
Shoichi Maruyama marus@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nagoya University Nephrology Nagoya Japan -
Kazuo Kitamura kazuokit@med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp Frontier Science Research, Miyazaki University Projects Research Miyazaki Japan -
Masashi Mizuno mmizu@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp Nagoya University Nephrology Nagoya Japan -
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Peritonitis is one of the most important complications associated with peritoneal dialysis, which can cause deterioration in peritoneal and residual renal function. Among peritonitis, fungal/yeast peritonitis can result in severe peritoneal damage with high mortality and lead patient to encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS).

Previously, we reported that a rat model of EPS-like fungal peritonitis exhibits severe inflammation and complement activation in the peritoneum. Furthermore, patients with fungal peritonitis also showed the presence of highly activated complement products within the peritoneum. Accordingly, we have conducted various therapeutic experiments based on the hypothesis that controlling the inflammation and complement activation associated with peritonitis, in addition to antimicrobial therapy, could prevent the onset of EPS.

Adrenomedullin (ADM) has been reported to have multiple physiological functions, including anti-inflammatory effects in addition to vasodilation. In peritoneal dialysis, ADM has been detected in the peritoneal effluent and mesothelial cells. However, the role of ADM in the peritoneal cavity remains unclear.

In this study, we examined whether the intraperitoneal injection of ADM exhibit protective role in peritoneal injury in a rat model of fungal/yeast peritonitis.

After administering methylglyoxal (MGO) to SD rats, Zymosan was administered to create a fungal/yeast peritonitis model (MGO/Zy peritonitis). Human ADM (ADM group) or vehicle (control group) was administered intraperitoneally to the rats.  Macroscopic and histological findings of peritoneal lesions were compared within each group. 

In subsequent experiments, to examine the role of ADM-ADM receptor signaling in MGO/Zy peritonitis, ADM (22-52) was co-injected with ADM as an ADM receptor antagonist.  

To evaluate ADM's role in complement system in vitro, rat serum was incubated with zymosan in the presence or absence of ADM.The levels of C3 and C5b-9 were then compared using an ELISA assay.

The macroscopic score, which includes gastrointestinal adhesions, showed lower severity in the ADM group than in the control group. Microscopic examination revealed reduced peritoneal thickness, an accumulation of inflammatory cells and complement deposition. 

Administering ADM (22-52) did not fully reverse the effects of peritoneal injury in MGO/Zy peritonitis. ELISA analysis of complement activity on zymosan showed that the addition of ADM reduced C5b-9 levels.

We demonstrated the therapeutic potential of exogenous administration of ADM to inhibit peritoneal injury in fungal/yeast peritonitis through its anti-inflammatory effects, including complement modulatory properties.

Kewords