COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF POLYETHERSULFONE- AND POLYETHYLENETEREPHTHALATE-BASED GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE-ON-A-CHIP FOR MODELING HUMAN KIDNEY FILTRATION

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1288/1b10cd4b579ac8484fe768782e466db7.pdf
COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF POLYETHERSULFONE- AND POLYETHYLENETEREPHTHALATE-BASED GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE-ON-A-CHIP FOR MODELING HUMAN KIDNEY FILTRATION

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Marwa
Al Hassan
Marwa Al Hassan onz235@mail.usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Chemical and Biomedical Eng Saskatoon Canada *
Jazmin Munoz shl261@mail.usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Chemical Eng. Saskatoon Canada -
Katalin Szaszi katalin.szaszi@unityhealth.to University of Toronto Unity Health Toronto Toronto Canada -
Huu Doan hdoan@torontomu.ca Toronto Metropolitan University Chemical Eng Toronto Canada -
Ahmed Shoker ahmed.shoker@usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Nephrology Saskatoon Canada -
Amira Abdelrasoul amira.abdelrasoul@usask.ca University of Saskatchewan Chemical and Biomedical Eng Saskatoon Canada -
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Current dialysis membranes fail to replicate the selective permeability and biocompatibility of the native glomerular basement membrane (GBM). This study evaluates polyethersulfone (PES) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membranes as structural supports within a glomerulus-on-a-chip platform to co-culture human glomerular endothelial cells (ciGEnC) and podocytes, enabling the formation of a humanized GBM under physiologically relevant conditions. Comparing PES and PET provides valuable insight into membrane selection for both dialysis technologies and organ-on-a-chip systems that aim to replicate kidney filtration.

The chip was fabricated using cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) featured upper and lower chambers representing the vascular and urinary spaces, respectively and integrated with membrane support with 8 µm pores. PES membranes were characterized and compared to PET membranes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential analysis, equilibrium water content (EWC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Each membrane was integrated into a separate chip and coated with varying concentrations of collagen type I to optimize and compare cell adhesion. Conditionally immortalized human podocytes (AB8/13) and ciGEnCs (from Drs. Moin Saleem and Simon Satchell, University of Bristol) were seeded and analyzed by confocal microscopy. The effects of coating strategy and flow rate on GBM formation and chip integrity were also assessed.

PES membranes exhibited a larger mean pore size (8.25 ± 3.51 µm) with broader distribution (up to 20 µm) compared to PET (7.11 ± 0.26 µm, range: 6.4–8 µm), greater hydrophilicity (EWC: 69.9% vs. 34.7%), and a more negative surface charge (−14.16 mV vs. −3.56 mV). DSC confirmed higher non-freezable water content in PES (41.1%) than in PET (26.7%), indicating more stable hydration layers. Coating with 2 mg/mL collagen I yielded optimal cell attachment and growth. Both cell types maintained phenotypic fidelity and differentiation across both membranes, with PES demonstrating enhanced cell migration, more uniform GBM formation and cell distribution, and stronger intercellular interactions on confocal imaging.

The engineered system enables precise control of GBM formation over microenvironmental conditions and supports physiologically relevant cell behavior, marking a significant step toward advanced in vitro kidney models. PES membranes demonstrated favorable physicochemical and biological properties for organ-on-a-chip applications. Their higher hydration capacity and pore characteristics make them a promising scaffold for modeling glomerular filtration in vitro, potentially improving biomimetic dialysis technologies.

Kewords