ENCAPSULATING PERITONEAL SCLEROSIS WITH BROWN TUMOR: A RARE COMPLICATION OF LONG-TERM PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

 

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ENCAPSULATING PERITONEAL SCLEROSIS WITH BROWN TUMOR: A RARE COMPLICATION OF LONG-TERM PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

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Jagadish
Pandey
Jagadish Pandey jagadishpandey16@gmail.com Lumbini Provincial Hospital Department of Nephrology Butwal Nepal *
Mukunda Prasad Kafle mpkafle@hotmail.com Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine Kathmandu Nepal -
Rabin Nepali rabinnepali@gmail.com Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine Kathmandu Nepal -
Midhan Shrestha drmidhan@hotmail.com Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine Kathmandu Nepal -
Sharma Paudel sharmapaudel@gmail.com Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Department of Radiodiagnosis Kathmandu Nepal -
Mahesh Raj Sigdel maheshsigdel@hotmcomail. Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine Kathmandu Nepal -
Dibya Singh Shah dibyasingh@hotmail.com ribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine Kathmandu Nepal -
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Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but a serious, life threatening complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). EPS is characterized by thickening and fibrosis of the peritoneal membrane with formation of a fibrous cocoon encapsulating the bowel thereby compromising mobility and function of bowel. Here we report a case of EPS on long-term PD who was successfully diagnosed and treated in our department.

A 48 years, hypertensive, male under continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) with three 8-hourly erxchanges of 2 litres of 2.5% of dextrose for 11 years presented with history of hemorrhagic peritoneal effluent and bilateral lower limb swelling for six weeks, shortness of breath for four weeks and abdominal pain for two weeks. He looked acutely ill, had abdominal distension, normal bowel sounds, and mild abdominal tenderness. 

CAPD-associated peritonitis, malignancy and tuberculosis were ruled out by relevant examinations and investigations. Contrast enhanced computed tomography scan of abdomen showed widespread thickening and diffuse calcinosis of peritoneum, mesentery and wall of small bowel loops. The patient had tertiary hyperparathyroidism  with corrected serum calcium of 2.5 mmol/l, phosphorous  of 7.2 mg/dl and iPTH >2500 Picogram/mL. CT scan revealed lytic lesions with sclerotic margin in neck of femur and sclerosis of end plates of thoracolumbar vertebra- suggestive of renal osteodystrophy with brown tumor of right femur (osteitis fibrosa cystica). Peritoneal dialysis catheter was removed and PD was discontinued. Patient was kept on maintenance hemodialysis and was started on prednisone, tamoxifen and cinacalcet. During follow-up, the patient progressed well and follows prednisone, tamoxifen, cinacalcet and maintenance hemodialysis.

EPS is a rare and life-threatening complication of long term PD that requires high index of suspicion. The treatment involves removal of PD catheter, oral corticosteroid and tamoxifen and/or adhesiolysis and enterolysis for intestinal obstruction.

Kewords