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During the congress, E-Posters will be accessible to all participants on the congress website 24/7, as well as in the E-poster stations in the congress center.
Preparing your E-Poster
Please review the E-Poster format requirements carefully when preparing your E-Poster. Should your E-Poster not meet the mentioned requirements, it may not be displayed as described above.
E-Poster Submission Deadline
Please prepare and upload your E-Poster no later than March 14, 2026 11.59PM CET. After this date, you will no longer be able to prepare and upload your E-poster and it will not be displayed and accessible on the congress website.
Please follow the instructions below to input your abstract title.
Abstract titles should be brief and reflect the content of the abstract.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the modifiable environmental risk factors and has been linked to cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic dysregulation. Recently, the concept of the cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome has emerged, highlighting the inter connections driven by obesity and metabolic dysfunction that contribute to progressive heart and kidney injury. However, epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between long-term PM2.5 exposure and the development or progression of CKM syndrome remains limited.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from 332,266 adults enrolled in the MJ Health Database who completed health examinations between 2000 and 2017. Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) was assessed using a high-resolution satellite-based spatiotemporal model derived from NASA’s aerosol optical depth data. For each participant, the two-year average PM₂.₅ concentration preceding the health examination was used as an indicator of chronic exposure. Mortality outcomes were ascertained through linkage with the Taiwan Cause of Death Database, with follow-up extending to 2023. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, educational attainment, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, and triglyceride levels.
Among a total of 332,266 participants, higher long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 was associated with an increased risk of CKM syndrome and all-cause mortality. Each 10 µg/m³ increment in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 2.4% higher likelihood of CKM syndrome (OR: 1.024, 95% CI: 1.006–1.043, P = 0.0097). Among participants with CKM syndrome, higher PM2.5 exposure was associated with a graded increase in mortality risk. Compared with the <25 µg/m³ group, the HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.126 (95% CI: 0.999–1.270) for 25–29 µg/m³, 1.137 (1.015–1.273) for 30–34 µg/m³, 1.227 (1.094–1.376) for 35–39 µg/m³, and 1.288 (1.151–1.441) for ≥40 µg/m³ (P < 0.001 for trend). Each 10 µg/m³ increase in PM2.5 corresponded to a 10.3% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.103, 95% CI: 1.063–1.145, P < 0.0001). These findings indicate a dose-dependent relationship between long-term PM2.5 exposure, CKM syndrome occurrence, and mortality.
This study shows that long-term exposure to PM2.5 is significantly associated with both the development of CKM syndrome and increased all-cause mortality among affected individuals. The observed dose–response relationship suggests that even moderate elevations in PM2.5 levels contribute to the progression of cardio-metabolic and renal dysfunction as well as premature death. These findings emphasize that improving air quality is essential for preventing CKM syndrome and modifying the public health burden of premature mortality.
