EFFECTIVENESS OF SELF-MONITORING OF SALT INTAKE USING SALT METER IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN PRIMARY CARE: A CLUSTERED-RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/bd4a95c09f34ff08e3949dfa8f9e8f15.pdf

Abstract Title *

EFFECTIVENESS OF SELF-MONITORING OF SALT INTAKE USING SALT METER IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN PRIMARY CARE: A CLUSTERED-RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

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Co-author 1

Rungthiwa Kitpermkiat rungthiwa.kit@mahidol.ac.th Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University Department of Medicine Bangkok Thailand -

Co-author 2

Wichai Aekplakorn wichai.aek@mahidol.ac.th Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University Department of Community Medicine Bangkok Thailand -

Co-author 3

Nophatee Pomsanthia nophateepalm@gmail.com The Nephrology Society of Thailand Thai Low Salt Network Bangkok Thailand -

Co-author 4

Nintita Thokanit nintitas.thokanit@gmail.com Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University Ramathibodi Comprehensive Cancer Center Bangkok Thailand -

Co-author 5

Nusit Chaiprasert mypalmdd20@gmail.com Phatthana Nikhom Hospital Doctor of Medicine Lopburi Thailand -

Co-author 6

Kriangkai Khamkhun Khamkhun503@hotmail.com Nongmuang Hospital Physician Lopburi Thailand -

Co-author 7

Thanawit Thongkhao thanawist@gmail.com Thaluang Hospital Doctor of Medicine Lopburi Thailand -

Co-author 8

Wilasinee Surawan noodangrich@gmail.com Nam Phong Hospital Family Medicine Khon Kean Thailand -

Co-author 9

Aphitsara Thamrongwaranggoon chickdz@gmail.com Ubolratana Hospital Family physician Khon Kaen Thailand -

Co-author 10

Boonyavee Pintong juneboonyavee@gmail.com Umphang Hospital Doctor Tak Thailand -

Co-author 11

Jeerayut Jaikhiandee gesus.med@gmail.com Lomkao Crown Prince Hospital Doctor Phetchabun Thailand -

Co-author 12

Pattaratiya Thanitthanayos pattaratiya1990@gmail.com Dansai Crown Prince Hospital Doctor Loei Thailand -

Co-author 13

Surasak Kantachuvesiri surasak.kan@mahidol.ac.th Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand *

Co-author 14

Co-author 15

Introduction

Hypertension is a significant global health challenge, given its major contributions to morbidity and mortality. Dietary modifications, particularly reducing salt intake, have been proposed as essential strategies for managing hypertension. To promote such modifications, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel intervention that combined the use of a salt meter device to directly measure the salt content of food with intensive dietary education in hypertensive patients over 12 weeks.

Methods

A cluster randomised trial was conducted, enrolling 382 hypertensive patients in eight primary care centres in Thailand who were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (salt meter and intensive dietary education) or a control group. The primary outcome included changes in 24-h urine sodium excretion assessed at baseline and follow-up visits. Secondary outcomes were changes in blood pressure levels.

Results

After 12 weeks, there was no significant difference in urine sodium reduction between the intervention and control groups (p=0·22). However, the intervention group showed significant decreases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to the control group [-2·1 (-4·8 to 0·7) mmHg vs. 3.0 (0·8 to 5·1) mmHg, p<0·01]. Additionally, subgroup analysis revealed a tendency toward greater urine sodium reduction [-403·2 (-817·5 to 10·9) mg/gCr, p=0·06] and significant improvements in SBP [-6 (-10·2 to -1·8) mmHg, p<0·01] among participants younger than 60 years old.

Conclusion

Combining a salt meter device to directly measure the salt content of food with intensive dietary education may offer benefits in reducing blood pressure levels among hypertensive individuals, particularly in younger age groups.

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