DETERMINING OPTIMAL STRATEGY EMPLOYING ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN (DOSE-ATG) AS INDUCTION THERAPY AMONG FILIPINO KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT

 

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DETERMINING OPTIMAL STRATEGY EMPLOYING ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN (DOSE-ATG) AS INDUCTION THERAPY AMONG FILIPINO KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT

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Wilmark
Gular
Wilmark Gular wilmarkgular@gmail.com St. Luke's Medical Center-Global City Center for Renal Disease Taguig Philippines *
Brian Michael Cabral bcabral@hotmail.com St. Luke's Medical Center-Global City Center for Renal Disease Taguig Philippines -
Mary Jane Cabueños mjgcabuenos@stlukes.com.ph St. Luke's Medical Center-Global City Center for Organ Transplant Taguig Philippines -
Rachelle Dianne Ferry rdeferry@stlukes.com.ph St. Luke's Medical Center-Global City Center for Organ Transplant Taguig Philippines -
Christia June Laparan cj.laparan@gmail.com St. Luke's Medical Center-Global City Center for Organ Transplant Taguig Philippines -
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End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Kidney Transplant (KT) remains to be the gold standard for all renal replacement therapies for ESRD. The transplant process includes induction therapy with an immunosuppressant. One of the most widely used induction agents is rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG). Induction therapy is done to prevent acute rejection, which in effect prolongs allograft and patient survival. The study aimed to determine the mean cumulative  dose of rATG induction therapy among Filipino kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). 

A retrospective cohort  was conducted among 73 adult Filipino KTRs who underwent living donor kidney transplant at a tertiary medical center from 2016–2020. Patients were categorized into low- and high-dose rATG groups based on the mean cumulative dose (2.81 mg/kg). Outcomes assessed included renal function, delayed graft function, acute rejection- clinically and biopsy proven (BPAR), infection, malignancy, death censored graft failure (DCGF), and death with functioning graft (DWFG). Statistical analysis included Kaplan-Meier survival curves, Cox regression, and odds ratio estimation.

Kaplan Meier Curves of Allograft Function, Survival, and Patient Survival at High and Low Dose ATG

There were no statistically significant differences between the low (≤2.80 mg/kg) and high-dose (>2.80 mg/kg) groups in terms of acute rejection, DGF, DCGF, infection, or malignancy. However, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve derived threshold dose of >4.34 mg/kg to be significantly associated with reduced patient survival (HR 27.6, p = 0.0075). 

The mean cumulative dose of rATG in this cohort was 2.81 mg/kg, which is lower than the standard and high dose groups in similar East and South Asian Studies. In recent literature, high dose rATG was found to be greater than 4.5 mg/kg. The  ROC-derived threshold dose of >4.34 mg/kg (HR 27.6, p = 0.0075) can be used as an upper dosing limit for safe induction therapy among Filipino KTRs. A larger, multi-center study in the Philippines, specifically in Kidney Transplant Centers, can be done to compare and validate results of this study.

Kewords