AUTOMATED KIDNEY FAILURE RISK EQUATION (KFRE) REPORTING AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PHYSICIAN PRACTICE IN A TERTIARY PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN KUALA LUMPUR

 

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/deae39767bd3810e352916f030aa0713.pdf
AUTOMATED KIDNEY FAILURE RISK EQUATION (KFRE) REPORTING AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PHYSICIAN PRACTICE IN A TERTIARY PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN KUALA LUMPUR

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Mun Hoe
Wong
Mun Hoe Wong drwongmh@gmail.com Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur Division of Nephrology Kuala Lumpur Malaysia *
Yoke Lee Low yokelee.low@premierintegratedlabs.com.my Pantai Integrated Labs Sdn Bhd Strategic Planning and Innovation Kuala Lumpur Malaysia -
Azliana Abu Bakar Sajak azliana.sajak@pantai.com.my Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur Clinical Research Center Kuala Lumpur Malaysia -
Anil Philip Kunnath anilphilip_kunnath@imu.edu.my International Medical University Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology Kuala Lumpur Malaysia -
Baskaran Gunasekaran baskaran@ucsiuniversity.edu.my UCSI University Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences Kuala Lumpur Malaysia -
Sathiyaraj Thambiayya sathiyaraj@ucsiuniversity.edu.my USCI University Institute of Actuarial Science and Data Analytics Kuala Lumpur Malaysia -
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The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Malaysia is reported to be 15.5%. The 2024 KDIGO CKD guidelines recommend screening at-risk patients using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). The guidelines also emphasize CKD progression risk estimation to improve quality of care. The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) provides 2-year and 5-year probabilities of developing kidney failure for patients with CKD stages 3 and 4, and has been validated in more than 30 countries. Incorporating KFRE reporting into clinical workflows may help guide early intervention and treatment optimization.

An automated KFRE reporting system was implemented at Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur in May 2024 for patients with CKD stages 3 to 5 who underwent eGFR and UACR testing on the same day. A retrospective review of health records from May 2024 to April 2025 was conducted to evaluate whether automated KFRE reporting influenced physician practice. A total of 139 KFRE reports were generated during the study period, of which 64 patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data collected included demographics, blood pressure, medication type and number, medication optimization, and nephrology referrals.

Of the 64 patients analysed, 69% were male and 31% were female, with a median age of 66.5 years (range: 30–82). Most patients were in CKD stage 3 (78%), while 22% were in stage 4. The median eGFR was 42.0 mL/min/1.73 m² (range: 19–59) and median UACR was 24.7 mg/mmol (range: 0.50–708.20). Nephrologists ordered the majority of tests (48.4%), followed by endocrinologists (39.1%). Medication use included ACEi/ARBs (51.6%), SGLT2 inhibitors (64.1%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (7.8%), and GLP-1 receptor agonists (14.1%). Following KFRE implementation, 40 patients (62.5%) had medication optimization compared with 24 patients (37.5%) who remained on the same regimen (p = 0.384). CKD Stage 3 patients with higher KFRE scores were more likely to undergo optimization, though not statistically significant.

Automated KFRE reporting improved CKD care by facilitating disease detection, medication optimization, and appropriate nephrology referrals among both nephrologists and non-nephrologists. Larger, multicentre studies are warranted to validate these findings and further improve CKD management in Malaysia.

Kewords