Association of cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans with IgA nephropathy: A comparative study among renal diseases

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https://storage.unitedwebnetwork.com/files/1099/0f317b4ba3f08ecd78b781f8dd9db5e5.pdf

Abstract Title *

Association of cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans with IgA nephropathy: A comparative study among renal diseases

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Co-author 1

Taro Misaki misakitar@gmail.com Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital Division of Nephrology Hamamatsu Japan *

Co-author 2

Shuhei Naka nshuhei@okayama-u.ac.jp Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Dentistry Okayama Japan -

Co-author 3

Daiki Matsuoka kujiraking0718@s.okayama-u.ac.jp Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Dentistry Okayama Japan -

Co-author 4

Kana Suehara ph2s4pws@s.okayama-u.ac.jp Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Dentistry Okayama Japan -

Co-author 5

Yuto Suehiro suehiro.yuto.dent@osaka-u.ac.jp Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Pediatric Dentistry Osaka Japan -

Co-author 6

Seigo Ito seigoemon@yahoo.co.jp Japan Self-Defense Force Iruma Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Iruma Japan -

Co-author 7

Yasuyuki Nagasawa nagasawa@hyo-med.ac.jp Hyogo Medical University Department of General Internal Medicine Nishinomiya Japan -

Co-author 8

Ryota Nomura rnomura@hiroshima-u.ac.jp Hiroshima University Department of Pediatric Dentistry Hiroshima Japan -

Co-author 9

Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano mnakano@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Dentistry Hiroshima Japan -

Co-author 10

Kazuhiko Nakano nakano.kazuhiko.dent@osaka-u.ac.jp Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Pediatric Dentistry Osaka Japan -

Co-author 11

Co-author 12

Co-author 13

Co-author 14

Co-author 15

Introduction

Previous studies have suggested a link between cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans in the oral cavity and IgA nephropathy. However, it is still unclear whether this relationship is unique to IgA nephropathy or extends to other kidney diseases. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of cnm-positive S. mutans in patients undergoing renal biopsy and to explore its correlation with various kidney disease subtypes.

Methods

We enrolled 294 patients who underwent renal biopsy and provided informed consent between May 2017 and March 2024 as the CKD group. The control group included 81 individuals with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 mL/min and no proteinuria. Saliva samples were collected from all participants, stored at −20°C, and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction to detect S. mutans and cnm-positive S. mutans. Associations between cnm-positive S. mutans and histopathological diagnosis were then evaluated.

Results

The frequency of cnm-positive S. mutans was significantly higher in the CKD group compared with controls (21.8% vs. 11.1%, p < 0.05). Among the kidney disease subtypes, elevated prevalence was observed in patients with lupus nephritis (31.6%), membranous nephropathy (29.2%), and IgA nephropathy (23.6%), suggesting a potential link with immune complex–mediated diseases. Importantly, logistic regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association only between cnm-positive S. mutans and IgA nephropathy (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

cnm-positive S. mutans may be associated with immune complex–mediated kidney disorders, particularly IgA nephropathy.

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