The prevalence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) among very elderly patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): a multi-center, retrospective cohort study

 

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The prevalence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) among very elderly patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): a multi-center, retrospective cohort study

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Xin
Liu
Xin Liu liuxin3368@bjhmoh.cn Beijing Hospital Department of Nephrology Beijing China *
Dingyi Wang wg_snake@163.com China-Japan Friendship Hospital National Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing China -
Wenduo Zhang drzhangwenduo@163.com Beijing Hospital Department of Cardiology Beijing China -
Guohui Fan fanguohui08@163.com China-Japan Friendship Hospital National Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing China -
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To investigate the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in very elderly patients (≥80 years), particularly among those with baseline renal insufficiency

This retrospective cohort study included patients ≥80 years undergoing PCI at two tertiary hospitals in China (between January 2020 and December 2024). Baseline renal dysfunction was defined as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m² before PCI. The primary endpoint was AKI (and staging) after PCI, diagnosed according to KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints included in-hospital mortality, renal replacement therapy, and length of hospital stay. Logistic regression was applied to identify AKI risk factors. Restricted cubic splines (RCS, 4 knots) were conducted to explore the relationship between baseline eGFR and AKI, after adjustment of multivariable. 

Among the 995 patients included in final analysis, the incidence of post-PCI AKI was 13.8%. AKI incidence was 29.7% in those with baseline renal insufficiency (35.9% of the total cohort). STEMI, NSTEMI, acute heart failure, baseline renal insufficiency, higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and anemia were independent AKI risk factors. In patients with baseline renal insufficiency, lower baseline eGFR, elevated NLR, and preoperative diuretic use were independent risk factors. RCS analysis revealed significantly increased AKI risk (OR>1) when eGFR was <67.4 mL/min/1.73m², regardless of hydration therapy.

Very elderly patients with baseline renal insufficiency face a significantly higher AKI risk after PCI procedure. Comprehensive strategies beyond hydration may be needed for AKI prevention in very elderly PCI patients with renal insufficiency.

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