FIVE YEARS OF PERCUTANEOUS AV FISTULAS IN HIGH-RISK PATIENTS: OUTCOMES AND AND LESSONS LEARNED

 

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FIVE YEARS OF PERCUTANEOUS AV FISTULAS IN HIGH-RISK PATIENTS: OUTCOMES AND AND LESSONS LEARNED

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Pablo Andrés
de la Fuente Gebauer
Pablo Andrés de la Fuente Gebauer pablo_29delafuente@hotmail.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias nephrology Tenerife Spain *
María Sagrario García Rebollo mgarreb@gobiernodecanarias.org Hospital Universitario de Canarias nephrology Tenerife Spain -
Miguel Ángel García Pareja miangapa93@gmail.com Hospital Universitario de Badajoz nephrology Badajoz Spain -
Beatriz Escamilla Cabrera bescab@gmail.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias nephrology Tenerife Spain -
Heliodoro Vallés González helio.vallesgonzalez@gmail.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias interventional radiology Tenerife Spain -
Ignacio González García nagoga22@hotmail.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias interventional radiology Tenerife Spain -
Jorge Senkichi Uchiyamada zelldeen@gmail.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias interventional radiology Tenerife Spain -
Daniel Martín Rodríguez danielmr92@gmail.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias interventional radiology Tenerife Spain -
Pierre Charles Marie Lemercier pierrelemercier85@gmail.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias interventional radiology Tenerife Spain -
Frank Eric Farfán Leal fransk8_3@yahoo.com Hospital Universitario de Canarias interventional radiology Tenerife Spain -
 
 
 
 
 

The creation of a percutaneous arteriovenous fistula (pAVF) for hemodialysis (HD) using endovascular devices is a viable alternative to surgical AVFs (sAVFs). In Spain, experience has grown with the WavelinQ system (WQ), enabling anastomosis between radial or ulnar artery and vein at the proximal forearm. More recently, the Ellipsys® system (ES) has been used to connect the proximal radial artery to the perforating vein. 

We included 19 patients (13 men, 6 women; mean age 60.9 years) undergoing pAVF creation between Nov 2019 and Nov 2024: 8 with advanced CKD, 7 on HD, 3 kidney transplant recipients, and 1 hospitalized. Eighteen pAVFs were created with WQ and one with ES. Most patients had predictors of sAVF non-functionality (sAVF-NF): diabetes (68%), overweight (BMI >25, 58%) or obesity (BMI >30, 37%), peripheral vascular disease (37%), central vein thrombosis (26%), and previous sAVF-NF (74%).

Fistulas included 15 radio-radial, 2 ulnar-ulnar, 1 ulnar-brachial, and 1 radio-perforating; 8 were right-sided, 11 left. Technical success: 18/19 (94.7%), with one failure due to arterial calcification. Maturation occurred in 16/19 (84%), with early thrombosis in one and lack of maturation in another. Definitive failure in 5/19 (25%), including two late thromboses. Complications: 3 hematomas and 1 vasospasm. Intra-procedure interventions in 11/18 patients (1 angioplasty, 4 embolizations, 6 both). Endovascular reinterventions required in 63%: 11 for maturation and 12 for maintenance.Main complications: thrombosis and delayed maturation.Mean maturation time: 90±105 days (range 11–432).Mean usability: 281±204 days (range 46–652).Primary patency: 293±263 days (range 30–855).Secondary patency: 707±418 days (range 209–1835).Final patency at follow-up: 74% (14/19).

In this high-risk cohort, pAVF creation showed high technical success (95%) and 74% follow-up patency, despite frequent endovascular reinterventions. Compared to existing data, maturation and usability times were longer, likely due to case complexity. WavelinQ-based pAVFs are a promising option in patients with suboptimal access conditions. Better patient selection and growing operator expertise may improve outcomes. No major complications occurred. Further optimization and standardization may enhance results. Prospective, multicenter studies are needed to refine criteria, define best practices, and assess cost-effectiveness versus surgical AVFs.

Kewords