ANTIMICROBIAL SENSITIVITY PATTERNS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION AMONG SUDANSES CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT (CAKUT)

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ANTIMICROBIAL SENSITIVITY PATTERNS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION AMONG SUDANSES CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT (CAKUT)

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Co-author 1

Nahla Allam allamnahla@yahoo.com Soba University Hospital pediatric nephrology khartoum Sudan *

Co-author 2

Enas khider allamnahla@yahoo.com Soba University Hospital pediatric khartoum Sudan -

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Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common across all age groups but diagnosing them in paediatric patients can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms. UTIs are more frequent in patients with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT), often leading to serious complications. Timely diagnosis and treatment are critical to preventing severe outcomes.

This study aims to study antimicrobial sensitivity patterns related to urinary tract infections in children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) who are attending the Paediatric Nephrology department at Soba Hospital.

Methods

This descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted at Soba University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. It included 83 pediatric patients with documented CAKUT managed by the Paediatric Nephrology Division from 2013 to 2023. Data were collected from hospital records using a structured questionnaire.

Results

Among 83 patients, 81.9% were males, and 38.6% were over 5 years old. Bladder and urethral anomalies were the most common (57.8%). Most patients (56.6%) experienced their first UTI within the first year of life, with an overall UTI rate of 90.4%. Positive urine cultures were found in 70% of patients, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most common organism (37.1%),which was sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amikacin but resistant to ceftazidime and gentamicin. End-stage kidney disease was diagnosed in 48.2% of patients

Conclusion

The prevalence of CAKUT is likely underestimated and more common in males. UTIs are highly prevalent in CAKUT patients, particularly those with bladder and urethral anomalies. Antibiotic sensitivity varies, highlighting the importance of appropriate antimicrobial selection.

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