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Cardiovascular (CV) complications are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in chronic hemodialysis patients. We conducted this study to determine the prevalence of CV complications and to identify predictive factors for the occurrence of these complications according to CKD stages.
This is a prospective multi-center analytical cohort study, conducted over a period of six year, including CKD patients from two public nephrology centers in Oujda- eastern Morocco. Epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical data including echocardiography were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS20 software.
Three hundred patients were included. The mean age was 64±18.9 years, with a male predominance. Diabetic nephropathy (38.6%) was the main cause of CKD. Hypertension was noted in 62.2% of the cases, 87.8 % were anemic and 89.1% of the patients had secondary hyperparathyroidism. Prevalence of CV complications in our series was 69.2%, dominated by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (34.5%), acute coronary syndrome (30.3%) and arrhythmic heart disease (13.7%). In addition, the predictors occurrence of CV complications in our population were age > 65, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking for all stages of CKD including hemodialysis, while anemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism were significant only from stage IV.
CV complications are frequent in CKD patients. Hence, early diagnosis and management of the risk factors linked to these complications are crucial.