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It is important to know nutritional status of patients with hemodialysis because its alterations have impact on morbidity and mortality. In our center, the nutritional evaluation of these patients had not been determined.
The objetive of this study is evaluate the nutritional status and associated factors in patients receiving hemodialysis at the Puebla Regional Hospital
Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study of 2023. Variables evaluated: Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), time on hemodialysis, albumin, urea, urea nitrogen, creatinine, potassium, phosphorus, cholesterol, serum transferrin and use of nutritional supplements. Measurement of strength with a dynamometer and the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) were used as instruments.
59 patients were analyzed, the mean age was 55.4 years, 45.8% were women, the average time in years on hemodialysis was 4.1 ± 2.5 years, the BMI is 24.41 ± 4.8. In the MIS test, 23.7% had good nutritional status, 45.8% had moderate malnutrition, and 30.5% had severe malnutrition. In the force intensity measured with a dynamometer, 96.6% of the patients had decreased strength, 3.4% had normal strength. Regarding supplementation, 50.8% of patients received nutritional supplements in our extern Nephrology clinic and 49.2% did not receive supplements. From patients who receive nutritional supplements, 83.3% presented malnutrition, 73.3% of patients who do not receive nutritional supplements did not present malnutrition. The Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) was related to BMI (p= 0.05), age (p= 0.02), albumin (p= 0.03).
Our study demonstrates that prevalence of patients with malnutrition is high and independent to factors such as sex and time on hemodialysis. Likewise, there is no difference between receiving a nutritional supplement or not receiving it with the development of malnutrition