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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a frequent pathology in our environment and its mortality remains high despite advances in extra-renal treatment. In CAR, nephrology and hemodialysis just started on 2022.The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of AKI at the first nephrology department of Bangui.
This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study carried out over an 18-month period on all patients who consulted for impaired renal function. AKI was defined according to the KDIGO 2012 criteria.
140 cases of AKI out of 537 patients were recorded, representing an incidence of 26.07%. The most represented age group was over 55 with an average age of 52.11 years old [4 to 84 years]. Males predominated, with a sex ratio of 2.04. The main reason for admission was impaired renal function. Most patients lived in the capital city, Bangui (86.43%) and were referred by general physicians (91.43%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (52.14%) followed by diabetes (25.71%) and cardio-renal syndrom (22.86%). 47.14% of patients regularly used phytotherapy, 27.14% were under diuretics and 22.86% regularly self-medicated with NSAIDs. Escherichia coli (34.29%) was the main germ found in patients with UTIs. AKI Stage I (KDIGO 2012) was more common (53.89%). 14% of patients had undergone hemodialysis, 40% of whom had fully recovered their renal function, while 11.43% remained on chronic hemodialysis. The mortality rate was 17.24% before 3 months and linked to comorbidities.
The incidence of AKI was very high in our study, and despite the introduction of hemodialysis, mortality from AKI remains very high in our setting linked to comorbidities. Educational activities to raise awareness could be a key to improve kidney health in our area.