OUTCOME AND MORTALITY DETERMINANTS OF HYPERNATREMIC DEHYDRATION AMONG HOSPITALIZED NEONATES IN TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA

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E-Poster

Abstract Title

First Name *

Hailemariam

Last Name *

Gebrearegay

Co-author 1

Yemane Leake Gebremikael ylyemane2010@gmail.com Aksum university pediatrics and child health Aksum

Co-author 2

Amanuel Hadgu amanuelhb@gmail.com Mekele university Pediatrics and child health Mekelle

Co-author 3

Kiros Tesfay kirostesfay92@gmail.com Mekele university Pediatrics and child health Mekelle

Co-author 4

Hansa Haftu hansahaftu21@gmail.com Mekele university Pediatrics and child health Mekelle

Co-author 5

Mohammed Mustofa mmustefa6@gmail.com Mekele university Pediatrics and child health Mekelle

Co-author 6

, Dawit Seyoum dgseyoum@yahoo.com Mekele university Pediatrics and child health Mekelle

Co-author 7

Abeba Hadush Hagos abebahadush3@gmail.com Adigrat University Midwifery Adigrat

Co-author 8

Girmatsion Fisseha girmaf4@yahoo.com Mekele university Public Health Mekelle

Co-author 9

Co-author 10

Co-author 11

Co-author 12

Co-author 13

Co-author 14

Co-author 15

Introduction

Hypernatremic dehydration causes life-threatening complications. However, there is limited data on it among neonates in Sub-Saharan Africa in general and Ethiopia in particular. This study aimed to assess the clinical profile, outcome, and mortality determinants of hypernatremic dehydration among hospitalized neonates in Tigray, Ethiopia.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among neonates admitted with a diagnosis of hypernatremic dehydration at the Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH) between January and July 2022. All neonates admitted to the ACSH with a diagnosis of hypernatremic dehydration during the study period were included. Data were prospectively collected using a pretested checklist then coded, edited, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The chi-square test (P-value < 0.05) was used to test variables associated with mortality.

Results

The prevalence of hypernatremic dehydration among 670 consecutive hospitalized neonates was 7.8% (52/670). Fifty of these were included in the analysis, two cases were excluded (the outcome was unknown). Fever, failure to suck, and decrement in urine amount were the common presenting features. Acute kidney injury was the common complication observed in 54% of neonates. In addition, three neonates had bilateral peripheral limb gangrene. The case fatality rate was 32% (16/50). Being lethargic at admission, the presence of acute kidney injury and hyperglycemia, and a hospital stay of less than a week were significantly associated with mortality.

Conclusions

Breastfeeding-associated hypernatremic dehydration has a high prevalence and mortality rate among neonates. Being lethargic at admission, the presence of acute kidney injury and hyperglycemia, and a hospital stay of less than a week were significantly associated with mortality. Antenatal and in-hospital screening of maternal and neonatal risk factors for lactational insufficiency combined with early post-delivery follow-up to identify excessive neonatal weight loss and inadequate elimination patterns is essential to prevent hypernatremic dehydration in neonates.

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