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National renal biopsy registries are a pillar for the management of glomerulopathies at the local level, however, the information available in Mexico on glomerular diseases is limited. The development of a multicenter registry of renal biopsies in Mexican population is necessary to know the epidemiology and clinic-pathologic behavior of diseases in native and transplant kidneys.
As part of the REVOLBER-MEX (Registro Voluntario de Biopsias en Enfermedades Renales en México) study, the clinical files of the Anatomic Pathology departments of four hospitals were reviewed. Demographic, clinical and histopathological data were collected from renal biopsy records and reports. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Scalar variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation while categorical variables are presented as simple frequencies and proportions.
We included 10 446 reports of renal biopsies performed in 35 hospital centers in Mexico and reviewed in four Anatomic Pathology departments between 1972 and 2019. The main indication for biopsy was nephrotic syndrome in 3357 cases (41.8%) in native kidneys and acute dysfunction (1348 cases, 16.8%) in transplant patients. Among the primary glomerulopathies, the most frequent was focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (1092 cases, 10.5%), followed by podocytopathies without sclerosis (622 cases, 6.0%), membranous glomerulopathy (566 cases, 5.4%), and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (358 cases, 3.4%). As for secondary glomerulopathies, the most frequent was lupus nephritis (2412 cases, 23.1%), followed by diabetic nephropathy (240 cases, 2.3%). Regarding transplant kidneys, the most frequent diagnoses were acute rejection (1164 cases, 11.1%), interstitial fibrosis with tubular atrophy (905 cases, 8.7%) and borderline changes suspicious for acute rejection (222 cases, 2.1%). The distribution of the various diagnoses was different among age groups <15 years, 15 to 65 years, and >65 years.
The most frequent histopathological diagnoses were lupus nephritis, acute rejection and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The present work intends to be a first step in the achievement of a national registry of renal biopsies.