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Rejection is one of the most feared complications in transplantation. The overall incidence is 5-10%, although it may have a higher incidence in patients at high immunological risk. The presence of altered baseline renal function and/or increased proteinuria should make us suspect rejection, which is confirmed through renal biopsy.
Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, by collecting data from the patients' medical history and the results of the renal biopsy. All adult transplant patients from the Department of Adult Nephrology of the Hospital de Clínicas from November 2014 to July 2023, biopsied due to suspected rejection, were included.
A total of 162 kidney transplants were performed since the reactivation of the Hospital de Clínicas transplant program in November 2014 until July 2023. In these patients, 28 kidney biopsies were performed, of which they were excluded, 1 due to insufficient sample and 1 case of rebiopsy.
Of the total transplant patients, 19 (11.7%) have a confirmed diagnosis of kidney graft rejection, 11 (57.9%) are male and 8 (42.1%) are female, with one of them aged 39.2±11.1 years old and mostly (52.6%) from related living donors. The average time elapsed between the transplant and the time of the biopsy was 53.2±42.9 months, with a range from 12 days to 13.5 years.
Regarding the type of rejection, 14 patients (73.7%) were compatible with acute rejection and 5 (26.3%) with chronic rejection.
Of the total number of patients transplanted since the reactivation of the kidney transplant program at the Hospital de Clínicas, 11.7% have a confirmed diagnosis of kidney graft rejection. These are mostly male (57.9%), with an average age of 39.2±11.1 years and underwent transplantation from a related living donor in 52.6% of cases. The time elapsed from surgery to the time of biopsy was 53.2±42.9 months and the type of rejection was acute in 73.7%.
Paraguayan Transplant Congress (November 2023).