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Glomerular diseases (GD) encompass a wide range of renal pathologies with distinct clinical features, necessitating a precise understanding for effective diagnosis and management. This study examines the clinical, laboratory, and histological profiles of patients with biopsy-proven GD at a tertiary hospital in Myanmar, with a particular focus on the relationship between histological findings and clinical parameters.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 79 patients with biopsy-proven GD from January 2022 to September 2023. Biopsy specimens underwent light microscopy examination, with selective use of immunofluorescence microscopy. Patients were categorized into groups: nephrotic syndrome (NS), nephritis nephrotic syndrome, unexplained acute kidney injury/acute nephritis, rapidly progressive renal failure/glomerulonephritis, and post renal transplant nephropathy. Demographic data, including age, gender, comorbidities, serum creatinine, albumin, and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), were recorded.
Among the 79 patients, 40.5% had NS, 22.8% had nephritis nephrotic syndrome, 17.7% had unexplained acute kidney injury/acute nephritis, 5.1% had rapidly progressive renal failure/glomerulonephritis, and 6.3% had post-transplant nephropathy. Males constituted 53.2% of the study, with a mean age of 36.9 years (range: 7-69 years). Most patients (59.5%) had no comorbidities, but hypertension (10.1%), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (7.6%), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (6.3%) were common comorbidities.
Conclusions
This study offers valuable insights into the diverse spectrum of biopsy-proven GD in Myanmar, highlighting variations in the prevalence of different glomerular diseases and their associations with clinical and laboratory parameters. The establishment of a biopsy registry is crucial for continuous monitoring and documentation of these variations, ultimately enhancing patient care and management while providing a comprehensive understanding of GD trends in the region