Introduction:
Pregnancy related acute kidney injury is an important risk factor for maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. AKI (acute kidney injury) during pregnancy can be difficult to treat and thorough understanding of the etiology is required for better management and prevention. In recent decades developing countries are experiencing increase in the incidence of PR-AKI (pregnancy related AKI). Various causes of pregnancy related AKI include gestational hypertension, HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme and low platelets) syndrome, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), puerperal sepsis, MODS (multiorgan dysfunction syndrome).
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, hospital course, and outcome maternal and fetal of the patient admitted in our hospital during a period of one year
Results:
We analysed 40 patients of pregnancy related AKI. Mean age of patients with PR-AKI was 24.9 years (range of 21 – 37 years). 21/40 (52.5%) patients were primigravida. According to modified kuppuswamy scale 12/40 (30%) belonged to lower middle, 12/40 (30%) to upper lower and 16/40 (40%) to lower class. Regarding the mode of delivery 27/40 (67.5%) patients had LSCS and 13/40 (32.5%) had normal vaginal delivery. In this study the various causes of PR-AKI included puerperal sepsis [19/40 (47.5%)], postpartum hemorrhage [12/40(30%)], preeclampsia [6/40(15%)], eclampsia [2/40(0.05%)] and HELLP [1/40(0.025%)]. Out of 40 patient 38 (95%) required renal replacement therapy in form of hemodialysis and 9/40 (22.5%) patient required ICU (intensive care unit) care. Maternal outcomes included mortality 2/40(0.05%), dialysis requirement at the time of discharge 28/40(70%) and AKI resolved in 10/40(25%) before discharge. The preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant survival rates were 70.7% 29/40(72.5%), 28/40(70%), and 32/40(80%), respectively.
Conclusions:
PR-AKI incidence has increased in recent years and pregnancy. PR-AKI is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcome and regular monitoring of kidney function and other risk factors should be done during pregnancy, especially in women who are at higher risk for prevention of PR-AKI.
I have no potential conflict of interest to disclose.
I did not use generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.