PREVALENCE OF BREAKTHROUGH URINARY TRACT INFECTION AMONG CHILDREN RECEIVING PROPHYLACTIC ANTIBIOTICS FOR RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS ON FOLLOW UP AT TIKUR ANBESSA SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA

7 Feb 2025 12 a.m. 12 a.m.
WCN25-AB-1485, Poster Board= FRI-494

Introduction:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infectious diseases diagnosed around the globe, particularly in developing countries. It is one of the most common microbial diseases encountered in medical practice. Risk factor for Recurrent UTI can be Anatomic factors, toileting habits, constipation, and other factors may contribute to an elevated risk of reinfection. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), urinary obstruction, or bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) are some of anatomical factor that predispose to recurrent UTI.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of breakthrough urinary tract infection among patient on prophylactic antibiotics for recurrent UTI on follow up at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital

Methods:

This study was conducted using a hospital-based Cross-sectional study design from August 2023 to January 2024 at Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital Renal, Neurology and Pediatric surgical follow-up unit. The sample size required was 277. Data was entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 (SPSS) for subsequent descriptive and analytical statistics where applicable. Statistically, a significant association was taken for a p value of <0.05.

Results:

The overall prevalence of BUTI was 27%. The average age was 1-4 years of age and 74.2% were males. 35.3% of the male participant were uncircumcised. The most common indication for prophylactic antibiotic was CAKUT. 69.2% of the children were on prophylactic antibiotic for more than 12 months. 91.2% of the children in the study used trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as prophylactic. The most common etiology identified was E.coli (42%). Males that were uncircumcised, neurogenic bladder and urine WBC more than 5 were associated with increased risk for recurrent UTI. 37% of the organism that grew were resistant to more than 3 classes of antibiotics. 70% of the organisms that grew were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Conclusions:

The results of our study indicate that there is a considerable prevalence of breakthrough urinary tract infections (UTIs) in uncircumcised male and children with neurogenic bladder. These individuals are at a higher risk for experiencing breakthrough UTIs. Additionally, we observed a high level of resistance to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, which is the most widely prescribed antibiotic in our setting.
we recommend to do nationwide health education on the benefit of circumcision. To work strongly on the adherence of the prophylactic antibiotic and to avoid using of prophylactic antibiotic for more than 6 month period. We also recommend to consider alternative antibiotic as prophylaxis which may include the second generation cephalosporin and nitrofurantoin. We also recommended to have national guideline for prophylaxis antibiotic for recurrent UTI

I have no potential conflict of interest to disclose.

I did not use generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.